Opinion
Making Strikes Unattractive In Nigeria
Politics, wealth, education are constants affecting the human society. They play decisive roles in any economy. Equally, life connects the three in labour behaviour – how workers act in dealing with their employers, government and the society in general. Labour influences events severally, in production, distribution, transportation and exchange.
When workers feel unjustly treated, they mobilize to resist it. This is what we refer to as strike. It creates news in both the print and electronic media. It also creates heroes and villains alike and fosters labour- government interactions.
The critical question is, how have strike actions impacted on Nigeria in society from colonial through post-independence to this contemporary time? Why has strike in Nigeria become a court of last resort?
According to the Oxford Advanced Learners’ Dictionary, strike means “to refuse to work as a protest; to cease work to enforce a demand for higher wages or better conditions”. It is a labour revolt, a walkaway from a duty post. It prefaces the shutdown of an industry to protest workers’ disobedience. “Strike connotes a temporary stoppage of work by a group of employees in order to express a grievance or enforce a demand. The group involved act as a self-conscious entity poised on its good and betterment. As employees, their grievance and demand have to be enforced through a calculative or reasoned mass action”. No matter the angle from which one views it, the demands of a striking group are mostly economic and therefore, welfarist in outlook.
There is no gainsaying that strike communicates human problems. It is expressive amid tensions, confusion and controversy that often trail it. The actuality of a strike is guaranteed in various legal instruments such as the United Nations Charter on Human Rights, International Labour Conventions and constitutions of various national governments. But the freedom of expression as entrenched in the constitution could be shrouded in legal technicalities subject to varied interpretations. This makes strikes either justified or otherwise depending on purposes, contents and successes. It socializes labour revolts through intra-union relations under stresses created by hunger, threat and anxiety. Likewise, strikes may endanger the nation when it targets national institutions at the expense of the state; or, when it constitutes threats to national interests and public security.
Strikes in Nigeria have become a recurring decimal. From ASUU to Resident Doctors, PHCN, NUPENG, health workers, electricity workers, banks, police, ministries and parastatals and even private employees. The plethora of strike has made many Nigerians very skeptical on the causes and likely effects of these strikes.
In Nigeria, strikes are caused by many factors. Notable among them are hunger, welfare, official insensitivity on the part of government. This official deafness results from bureaucratic red-tapism’ where the truth never reaches the decision-makers in time. There are also instances where the government blatantly fail to honour agreements and promises reached with labour unions. Before independence, this particular factor accounted for the Railway Union strike of 1945 and the Udi Coal Miners strike of 1945 which resulted to a mass killing of the striking workers by the colonial government.
On the economic front, inflation-hyper or galloping inflation could be responsible for strikes when workers’ salaries become inadequate to cater for the basic needs of food, clothing and shelter, thereby forcing them to push for increment. In colonial period, labour radicalism was spearheaded by the then labour leader, Pa Michael Imodu. Even with the advent of democracy in Nigeria in 1999, the then Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) President, Comrade Adams Oshiomole received a baptism of fire under the Obasanjo two-term regime risking torture, intimidation and detention at its height.
Labour conflicts, no matter how bloodless, often bash society at many points. First, strike injects fear into management-labour relations. They choke productivity, second, every failed strike, like any winning one, draws the government-federal or state-nearer into industrial relations. Third, the police as law and order umpires intervene in the public interest. Often, they by-pass the union’s issues. Fourth, the judiciary by its injunctions, administrative inquiries and interpretations, impact on the working class. Finally, poverty accompanies most strikes.
Unarguably, contemporary strikes in Nigeria have resulted in some positive changes, yet, law and its enforcement or administration may live miles apart. This is because public policy takes front burner in any government; and its role teaches workers new wisdom. Workers are separate entity from the government; as such, their needs are legitimate under the law but the feasibility, sincerity and will for meeting such needs are different ball games. Also, government often shield itself under the canopy of national security.
In Nigeria, strikes raise more questions than answers. Therefore, it is high time the ivory tower intellectuals experimented with labour oriented courses in our universities. Such courses are: Labour Economics, Industrial Psychology, Mass Movements, Industrial Relations etc. this is the practice in other developing countries like India, Brazil, Malaysia, Singapore etc.
All over the world, strikes must always survive as labour’s tool. However, in Nigeria, there is an urgent need for clarity in age of revolution in technology, globalization, industrial concentration and changes in the size and structure of organizational management approaches. Strikes bite governments and employers. Still, strikes, now highly politicized, may go out of fashion since only managerial unionism appears relevant. Law remains the only cohesive factor in any organization or nation-state. Unions must show wisdom, respect, conscience and caution. They must exhibit patriotism. This is because sectional interests undermine national development. The government should lubricate the machinery of its ministries, agencies and parastatals and make them more effective and productive. This will go a long way in making strike unattractive to workers.
Ozibo is an intern with The Tide.
Ozibo Ozibo
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