Opinion
Ownership Of Nigeria’s Oil Blocks
Before the managers of Nigeria’s public affairs must begin the implementation of policies of fuel subsidy removal and other matters connected therewith, there is a need to revisit the issue of ownership of Nigeria’s oil blocks. It has been an open secret that awards of oil licences and mining leases in Nigeria have always been shrouded in secret deals, high level of corruption and gangsterist patronage. Past military rulers began the regime of secrecy in the award of oil licences, which continued after 1999, with no effort to stop the unfair advantage meant for an exclusive few.
The Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (NEITI) had raised alarm long ago about ‘’the absence of transparency in the acquisition and awards of oil prospecting licences, mining leases, financing mechanisms, inappropriate disclosures of oil and gas production figure revenues that have characterised Nigeria’s extractive sector’’. Despite changes and some repositioning that have been described as mere window-dressings, the oil and gas sector is not only in a systemic rot, but ‘‘nobody knows who owns what’’.
From the grapevine, there had been gossips that many allocated oil blocks ended up being serviced, thus resulting in economic disservice to the nation. Despite the passage of the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA), a pattern set by the regime of late General Sani Abacha (1993-1998) continues to operate hitherto. That pattern has to do with our heads of state holding on to the portfolio of Petroleum Minister, whereby the oil and gas sector of the economy runs into deeper waters where no one can raise issues.
The oil and gas industry generates over 70 per cent of all Federal Government earnings and 90 per cent of Nigeria’s external revenues. For such strategic and sensitive industry to be associated with inexplicable secrecies, characterised by exclusive monopolies, makes the policy of subsidy removal not palatable to many Nigerians. Revenue Watch Institute (RWI), a global body, had given Nigeria a very poor mark in the administration of its oil and gas sector. In a study tagged Resource Governance Index, RWI described Nigeria’s extractive industries governance as very weak.
It is true to say that the situation in the oil and gas industry began long ago but that is no reason why the jinxed situation must continue unchecked; neither is it true that the PIA has succeeded in sanitising that sector. Hitherto, apart from some uproar and denials, nobody has disproved an assertion made long ago by Senator Ita Enang that ‘’Northerners owned 83 per cent of all oil blocks in the country”.
A situation where there are rent collectors, buccaneers and secret awards of oil licences, can there be such transparency and accountability to justify the issue of subsidy removal? Especially where such removal of subsidy would place the masses in a disadvantage and agony, should Nigerians not ask what is happening in the oil sector? Is the government not duty-bound to publish the ownership profile of all oil blocks in the country and how transparent the process had been?
To address the issue of dwindling revenues would require not more borrowing, but taking the line of public accountability by checking financial leakages and profligate spending. Transparency and accountability would include addressing fuel subsidy fraud, of which fuel importation has been an old issue!
What happened to an alleged N2.4 trillion stolen oil money many years ago in connection with fuel subsidy? Was somebody not alleged to have collected $620,000 bribes to prevent the indictment of an oil company over subsidy scam many years ago? Nigerians are obviously not comfortable with the secrecy and exclusiveness associated with the oil sector, especially where the blessing of oil and gas becomes a curse to the masses. Late Bola Ige, at a lecture organised by Ibadan Chamber of Commerce, was quoted by TELL magazine (April 19, 1999, page 18) as saying: ‘‘All Nigerians are thieves, stealing the property of the Niger Delta people, and if care is not taken, we will face the wrath of God, because it is a sin to continue to plunder the resources of the people’’.
It is quite sad that despite the enormous resources coming from that zone, the Niger Delta remains marginalised, coupled with the fact that the NDDC, as an interventionist agency, is remotely controlled by external power blocs.
Managers of Nigeria’s affairs should appreciate the fact that the masses have made commendable sacrifices, at least, by way of allowing peace to reign even when they should protest. The issue of cuts and checks in public spending should be taken seriously and be followed by transparency and accountability, such that the confidence of the masses can be restored. Every country usually passes through trying times, calling for exemplary leadership where the masses would not be bamboozled as if they are all fools.
Security is a crucial issue in governance which can be facilitated by exemplary and just leadership, rather than a situation where a nation’s political economy is characterised by secrecy and exclusiveness. The oil and gas sector surely shows such evidence, with regards to oil-blocks allocations. How would there be security where, in the midst of abject poverty among the majority, there is arrant and provocative display of wealth by a few people? A situation where wealth is not associated with productivity and patriotism, the poor masses would obviously feel bitter. Is poverty the result of laziness?
People of the Niger Delta region, which produces the bulk of the resources that sustain the Nigerian economy, deserve a better deal than what they have at the moment. In spite of 13 per cent derivation bonus and the paltry provision in the PIA, the ways that awards or allocation of oil licences are being handled need to be corrected. Similarly, those representing the Niger Delta region at the National Assembly should be seen as being on the side of their constituencies rather than being used as means of undermining the interests of the region.
By: Bright Amirize
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Wike VS Soldier’s Altercation: Matters Arising
The events that unfolded in Abuja on Tuesday November 11, 2025 between the Minister of the Federal Capital Territory, Chief Nyesom Wike and a detachment of soldiers guarding a disputed property, led by Adams Yerima, a commissioned Naval Officer, may go down as one of the defining images of Nigeria’s democratic contradictions. It was not merely a quarrel over land. It was a confrontation between civil authority and the military legacy that still hovers over our national life.
Nyesom Wike, fiery and fearless as always, was seen on video exchanging words with a uniformed officer who refused to grant him passage to inspect a parcel of land alleged to have been illegally acquired. The minister’s voice rose, his temper flared, and the soldier, too, stood his ground, insisting on his own authority. Around them, aides, security men, and bystanders watched, stunned, as two embodiments of the Nigerian state clashed in the open.
The images spread fast, igniting debates across drawing rooms, beer parlours, and social media platforms. Some hailed Wike for standing up to military arrogance; others scolded him for perceived disrespect to the armed forces. Yet beneath the noise lies a deeper question about what sort of society we are building and whether power in Nigeria truly understands the limits of its own reach.
It is tragic that, more than two decades into civil rule, the relationship between the civilian arm of government and the military remains fragile and poorly understood. The presence of soldiers in a land dispute between private individuals and the city administration is, by all civic standards, an aberration. It recalls a dark era when might was right, and uniforms conferred immunity against accountability.
Wike’s anger, even if fiery, was rooted in a legitimate concern: that no individual, however connected or retired, should deploy the military to protect personal interests. That sentiment echoes the fundamental democratic creed that the law is supreme, not personalities. If his passion overshot decorum, it was perhaps a reflection of a nation weary of impunity.
On the other hand, the soldier in question is a symbol of another truth: that discipline, respect for order, and duty to hierarchy are ingrained in our armed forces. He may have been caught between conflicting instructions one from his superiors, another from a civilian minister exercising his lawful authority. The confusion points not to personal failure but to institutional dysfunction.
It is, therefore, simplistic to turn the incident into a morality play of good versus evil.
*********”**** What happened was an institutional embarrassment. Both men represented facets of the same failing system a polity still learning how to reconcile authority with civility, law with loyalty, and service with restraint.
In fairness, Wike has shown himself as a man of uncommon courage. Whether in Rivers State or at the FCTA, he does not shy away from confrontation. Yet courage without composure often feeds misunderstanding. A public officer must always be the cooler head, even when provoked, because the power of example outweighs the satisfaction of winning an argument.
Conversely, soldiers, too, must be reminded that their uniforms do not place them above civilian oversight. The military exists to defend the nation, not to enforce property claims or intimidate lawful authorities. Their participation in purely civil matters corrodes the image of the institution and erodes public trust.
One cannot overlook the irony: in a country where kidnappers roam highways and bandits sack villages, armed men are posted to guard contested land in the capital. It reflects misplaced priorities and distorted values. The Nigerian soldier, trained to defend sovereignty, should not be drawn into private or bureaucratic tussles.
Sycophancy remains the greatest ailment of our political culture. Many of those who now cheer one side or the other do so not out of conviction but out of convenience. Tomorrow they will switch allegiance. True patriotism lies not in defending personalities but in defending principles. A people enslaved by flattery cannot nurture a culture of justice.
The Nigerian elite must learn to submit to the same laws that govern the poor. When big men fence off public land and use connections to shield their interests, they mock the very constitution they swore to uphold. The FCT, as the mirror of national order, must not become a jungle where only the powerful can build.
The lesson for Wike himself is also clear: power is best exercised with calmness. The weight of his office demands more than bravery; it demands statesmanship. To lead is not merely to command, but to persuade — even those who resist your authority.
Equally, the lesson for the armed forces is that professionalism shines brightest in restraint. Obedience to illegal orders is not loyalty; it is complicity. The soldier who stands on the side of justice protects both his honour and the dignity of his uniform.
The Presidency, too, must see this episode as a wake-up call to clarify institutional boundaries. If soldiers can be drawn into civil enforcement without authorization, then our democracy remains at risk of subtle militarization. The constitution must speak louder than confusion.
The Nigerian public deserves better than spectacles of ego. We crave leaders who rise above emotion and officers who respect civilian supremacy. Our children must not inherit a nation where authority means shouting matches and intimidation in public glare.
Every democracy matures through such tests. What matters is whether we learn the right lessons. The British once had generals who defied parliament; the Americans once fought over states’ rights; Nigeria, too, must pass through her own growing pains but with humility, not hubris.
If the confrontation has stirred discomfort, then perhaps it has done the nation some good. It forces a conversation long overdue: Who truly owns the state — the citizen or the powerful? Can we build a Nigeria where institutions, not individuals, define our destiny?
As the dust settles, both the FCTA and the military hierarchy must conduct impartial investigations. The truth must be established — not to shame anyone, but to restore order. Where laws were broken, consequences must follow. Where misunderstandings occurred, apologies must be offered.
Let the rule of law triumph over the rule of impulse. Let civility triumph over confrontation. Let governance return to the path of dialogue and procedure.
Nigeria cannot continue to oscillate between civilian bravado and military arrogance. Both impulses spring from the same insecurity — the fear of losing control. True leadership lies in the ability to trust institutions to do their work without coercion.
Those who witnessed the clash saw a drama of two gladiators. One in starched khaki, one in well-cut suit. Both proud, both unyielding. But a nation cannot be built on stubbornness; it must be built on understanding. Power, when it meets power, should produce order, not chaos.
We must resist the temptation to glorify temper. Governance is not warfare; it is stewardship. The citizen watches, the world observes, and history records. How we handle moments like this will define our collective maturity.
The confrontation may have ended without violence, but it left deep questions in the national conscience. When men of authority quarrel in the open, institutions tremble. The people, once again, become spectators in a theatre of misplaced pride.
It is time for all who hold office — civilian or military — to remember that they serve under the same flag. That flag is neither khaki nor political colour; it is green-white-green, and it demands humility.
No victor, no vanquish only a lesson for a nation still learning to govern itself with dignity.
By; King Onunwor
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