Opinion
Making End TB 2030 Realistic
Tuberculosis is fast becoming one of the leading causes of death in the sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria, Africa’s most populous nation of about 200 million people. Tuberculosis is an airborne disease and is transmittable through ways that are air-related. The disease which was superstitiously associated with evil spirits was viewed as a bad omen by traditionalists and some locales. But modern science has revealed that it is preventable, treatable and curable when patients follow the prescribed drug administration or usage directions.
In recent times, the rate of Tuberculosis infections and related deaths pose great concern to many people. This is despite the advancement in medical research that has led to the manufacturing of drugs for the treatment of the disease. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recently reeled out estimates and statistics on tuberculosis infection rate in Nigeria and Africa. According to the statistics volunteered to journalists, tuberculosis claimed 156,000 lives in Nigeria and afflicted about 452,000 in 2020. As though the loss of lives is not suggestive of the seeming insensitivity of Nigerian Government to stem the ugly trend, WHO further said the global target of ending the disease by 2030 is being hampered by inadequate funding and investment in the control of tuberculosis.
Executive Director of Stop TB Partnership, Dr Lucica Ditiu, posited that more than 450,000 people in Nigeria are infected with TB yearly. According to him, the number of people developing the disease increases every year. Besides, 28,000 of the tuberculosis fatalities are people living with Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV). The African region is home to 17 of the 30 high burden tuberculosis countries in the world. The estimated 2.5 million cases in Africa in 2020 accounted for a quarter of the global burden with more than half a million African lives lost to the curable and preventable disease. These, no doubt, are terrifying, startling and spine-chilling revelations.
To say the least, the disclosure is a dangerous phenomenon and a threat to public health, taking into cognisance the reality that tuberculosis is not just transmittable but can be contracted by air. Airborne diseases are potentially dangerous because air is free, always in public domain, thus is available to everybody within an environment. So it is easy for an infected person to transmit the disease to others. It is a belief of most people that when air is infested a greater number of people are affected than when water is polluted. The reason is not far-fetched: air operates in space unhindered.
This is why the Federal Government must brace up to address this grave challenge at a time when Nigerians are going through the excruciating pains of unpopular economic policies of All Progressive Congress-led Federal Government. The colossal amount of 1.3 billion dollars required to effectively detect and control the disease according to WHO African Regional Director, further heightens the fear of Nigerians on an, avoidable spread. Though Tuberculosis is preventable and treatable its prevention and treatability depend largely on the availability of funds. In fact the disease is consistently spreading in the last five years because of lack of adequate funding to facilitate its detection of the disease. Prevention and effective treatment are function of availability of funds. Remove funding, all effort to curb spread and end the disease will, no doubt, translate to exercise in futility.I am tempted to believe that the Federal Government is not being proactive enough in curbing the spread of the disease because of a funding that is disproportionate to the burden of the disease in Nigeria.
For any government that has the welfare of the people at heart, making her counterpart contributions to meet the WHO’s 2030 target of ending the tuberculosis scourge is not too difficult a commitment to make.
Every project on human health and welfare is a priority. No amount of money is worth the value of human soul. In fact if roads, schools, are built for humans, then the people should be helped to remain healthy to enjoy those infrastructure and facilities. Russian philosopher and educationist, Lao Russell once wrote, “In vain you build the city if you don’t first built the man”. Every project should have the face of human because the ultimate beneficiaries of any project are (or ought to be) the people. If human welfare is not factored into the policy and programme of government, then it is anti-people. Government derives its legitimacy from the people. And those in government are stewards who by reason of the people’s mandate, should hold the resources of the people in trust. The Federal Government and State Governments across the country should rise to the brazen challenge of the tuberculosis burden on Nigerians before we experience another wave of avoidable epidemic. Already, the country and other African countries are tottering on the brink of greater infection as we face unabating rise in the disease burden annually.
According to Dr Matshidiso Moeti, World Health Organization’s Regional Director for Africa, South Africa, has steadily increased her domestic funding to fight the disease by allocating 81 per cent of her financial resources while Zambia has increased her funding seven-fold since 2015. However, the commitment of South Africa and less economic viable Zambia country to end the threat of the disease gives a flicker of hope that the problem is surmountable if other African countries, including Nigeria will borrow a leaf from South Africa and Zambia. This is necessary so that WHO’s End TB Strategy which aims to reduce TB cases by 80 per cent and cut deaths by 90 per cent by 2030 is achieved. It is pertinent to state that though the 2025 milestone seeks a 50 per cent reduction in cases and a 75 per cent reduction in death and that TB cases should drop by ten per cent every year, to meet the 2025 target, yet the current rate of decline in cases stands at only two percent. This statistics which reveal a snail speed growth in hitting the 2025 target is not good enough for the health of Nigeria’s citizens.
While the Federal and State Governments should improve their domestic and counterpart funding to facilitate detection and treatment of the disease, those who show sign of the disease like prolonged cough, should visit primary health facility where the disease is treated free.TB patients should adhere strictly to medication and treatment directive (s). They should take their drugs as and when due to avoid the risk of resistance and ineffectiveness of drugs. A tuberculosis-free society is both a function of funding and patient compliance to prescription and directions. Let Governments and patients be alive to their responsibilities.
By: Igbiki Benibo
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