Opinion
Strengthening Nigeria’s Democratic Process
Democracy is universal and has become the uni
fying factor promoting unity and peaceful co-existence in the world. As a political concept, democracy means popular power or in the American version, government of the people, for the people and by the people.
Aristotle believed that “democracy exists where the sovereign authority is composed of the power classes and not of the owners of prosperity”. Ancient Athens, where democracy began holds the view that a life deprived of direct involvement in rulership is without merit, for the citizens’ involvement in the exercise of sovereignty is the major business of life. This invariably means that democracy implies strict adherence to the principle or tenet of equality as well as the rule of law.
Equality in this concept denotes that there is a tradition of filling offices either through the rotation of offices or by the adoption of very short tenure to enable as many people as possible to take a turn at holding offices. A situation where a person would stick to office and does not want to give way for others to test it is undemocratic.
Nigeria began to witness democracy since independence in 1960. Unfortunately, it was disrupted by the civil war that instead from 1967-1970.
Democracy again resurrected in 1979 and was again truncated by the military in 1983.
Nigeria, again, returned to democracy in 1999 after a protracted military rule. Since then Nigeria has been tottering democratically.
The system has been abused in a manner that it is no longer democratic. At the same time, the process has yielded little dividends. By all indications, it is more appropriate to lament the demise of democracy in Nigeria rather than celebrate its triumph.
Many Nigerians who reacted to the situation in Nigeria after 15 years of democracy responded negatively, saying that there was nothing worth celebrating.
Rivers State Governor, Rt. Hon. Chibuike Amaechi, while speaking at the conference organised to commemorate the Democracy Day and his 49th birthday celebration, said democracy was suffering in Nigeria because the people were not free to elect their leaders, adding that the country’s democracy has not provided good governance and better welfare for the people.
According to the governor democracy is supposed to be the panacea to good governance and a means to fight against corruption among the leaders, and therefore, charged Nigerians to feel free to demand for their rights as well as hold the leaders accountable for the woes befalling the country.
A Professor Emeritus, Otonti Nduka, noted that leaders being servants of the people need to ensure a better Nigeria and fine-tune the achievements so far recorded, while finding lasting solution to the prevailing security problem in the northern part of the country. Professor Nduka stressed the need for government to improve on the infrastructure in the country, pointing out that some political gladiators were only interested in amassing wealth for themselves to the detriment of the ordinary Nigerians.
Indeed, many Nigerians are critical about the practice of democracy in the country because it has refused to improve on the political, economic and social fortunes of the citizenry.
The misunderstanding of democracy by our leaders and politicians has put them into confusion over what to do to support and promote democracy in the country. Harmful political rhetoric being displayed by our politicians are not healthy for the growth of democratic process and is utterly unacceptable in a democratic society. Languages that threaten or incite violence short-circuit the democratic process. All Nigerians have the freedom to voice their opinions and participate in the electoral process without fear of physical retribution. But this must be done with moderation.
As we go to the polls to usher in a new democratic dispensation in 2015, the era of economic mismanagement, corruption, political ruse and other vices inimical to development must be eradicated just as brutal repression of citizens rights must stop.
The success of democracy depends crucially on how it imparts on the social life of the citizens and how it serves their needs. The importance of democracy goes beyond election and popular power.
It must be tailored towards providing adequate social welfare package for the people. Having overcome the forces against democracy in this country, it is now pertinent to defend it by transforming it in accordance with the aspirations and objectives of the country’s founding fathers.
We need to pull away from obnoxious social and political structures and replace them with entirely new and progressive ones.
To achieve the dividends of democracy, all major players in Nigeria’s politics must agree on the overriding importance and objectives of democratization which is to meet the desire of the ordinary people of the country. As it is now, Nigeria’s democracy is facing challenges, so there is a need to guide it and make the task of democratization all encompassing for a fruitful outcome.
Shedie Okpara
Opinion
Empowering Youth Through Agriculture
Quote:”While job seeking youths should continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries”.
The Governor of Rivers State, Sir Siminalayi Fubara, recently urged youths in the Rivers State to take advantage of the vast opportunities available to become employers of labour and contribute meaningfully to the growth and development of the State. Governor Fubara noted that global trends increasingly favour entrepreneurship and innovation, and said that youths in Rivers State must not be left behind in harnessing these opportunities. The Governor, represented by the Secretary to the State Government, Dr Benibo Anabraba, made this known while declaring open the 2026 Job Fair organised by the Rivers State Government in partnership with the Nigeria Employers’ Consultative Association (NECA) in Port Harcourt. The Governor acknowledged the responsibility of government to create jobs for its teeming youth population but noted that it is unrealistic to absorb all job seekers into the civil service.
“As a government, we recognise our duty to provide employment opportunities for our teeming youths. However, we also understand that not all youths can be accommodated within the civil service. This underscores the need to encourage entrepreneurship across diverse sectors and to partner with other stakeholders, including the youths themselves, so they can transition from being job seekers to employers of labour,” he said. It is necessary to State that Governor Fubara has not only stated the obvious but was committed to drive youth entrepreneurship towards their self-reliance and the economic development of the State It is not news that developed economies of the world are skilled driven economies. The private sector also remains the highest employer of labour in private sector driven or capitalist economy though it is also the responsibility of government to create job opportunities for the teeming unemployed youth population in Nigeria which has the highest youth unemployed population in the subSahara Africa.
The lack of job opportunities, caused partly by the Federal Government’s apathy to job creation, the lack of adequate supervision of job opportunities economic programmes, lack of employable skills by many youths in the country have conspired to heighten the attendant challenges of unemployment. The challenges which include, “Japa” syndrome (travelling abroad for greener pastures), that characterises the labour market and poses threat to the nation’s critical sector, especially the health and medical sector; astronomical increase in the crime rate and a loss of interest in education. While job seeking youths should continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries.
While commending the Rivers State Government led by the People First Governor, Sir Siminilayi Fubara for initiating “various training and capacity-building programmes in areas such as ICT and artificial intelligence, oil and gas, maritime, and the blue economy, among others”, it is note-worthy that the labour market is dynamic and shaped by industry-specific demands, technological advancements, management practices and other emerging factors. So another sector the Federal, State and Local Governments should encourage youths to explore and harness the abounding potentials, in my considered view, is Agriculture. Agriculture remains a veritable solution to hunger, inflation, and food Insecurity that ravages the country. No doubt, the Nigeria’s arable landmass is grossly under-utilised and under-exploited.
In recent times, Nigerians have voiced their concerns about the persistent challenges of hunger, inflation, and the general increase in prices of goods and commodities. These issues not only affect the livelihoods of individuals and families but also pose significant threats to food security and economic stability in the country. The United Nations estimated that more than 25 million people in Nigeria could face food insecurity this year—a 47% increase from the 17 million people already at risk of going hungry, mainly due to ongoing insecurity, protracted conflicts, and rising food prices. An estimated two million children under five are likely to be pushed into acute malnutrition. (Reliefweb ,2023). In response, Nigeria declared a state of emergency on food insecurity, recognizing the urgent need to tackle food shortages, stabilize rising prices, and protect farmers facing violence from armed groups. However, without addressing the insecurity challenges, farmers will continue to struggle to feed their families and boost food production.
In addition, parts of northwest and northeast Nigeria have experienced changes in rainfall patterns making less water available for crop production. These climate change events have resulted in droughts and land degradations; presenting challenges for local communities and leading to significant impact on food security. In light of these daunting challenges, it is imperative to address the intricate interplay between insecurity and agricultural productivity. Nigeria can work toward ensuring food security, reducing poverty, and fostering sustainable economic growth in its vital agricultural sector. In this article, I suggest solutions that could enhance agricultural production and ensure that every state scales its agricultural production to a level where it can cater to 60% of the population.
This is feasible and achievable if government at all levels are intentional driving the development of the agricultural sector which was the major economic mainstay of the Country before the crude oil was struck in commercial quantity and consequently became the nation’s monolithic revenue source. Government should revive the moribund Graduate Farmers Scheme and the Rivers State School-to-Land agricultural programmes to operate concurrently with other skills acquisition and development programmes. There should be a consideration for investment in mechanized farming and arable land allocation. State and local governments should play a pivotal role in promoting mechanized farming and providing arable land for farming in communities. Additionally, allocating arable land enables small holder farmers to expand their operations and contribute to food security at the grassroots level.
Nigeria can unlock the potential of its agricultural sector to address the pressing needs of its population and achieve sustainable development. Policymakers and stakeholders must heed Akande’s recommendations and take decisive action to ensure a food-secure future for all Nigerians.
By: Igbiki Benibo
Opinion
Of Protests And Need For Dialogue
Quote:“.Across Abuja, Anambra, and Lagos, a common thread emerges: a disconnect between authority and empathy. Government actions may follow policy logic, but citizens respond from lived experience, fear, and frustration. When these realities collide without dialogue, the streets become the arena of engagement”
It was a turbulent week in the country, highlighting the widening gap between government intentions and public perception. From Abuja to Anambra and Lagos, citizens poured into the streets not just over specific grievances but in frustration with governance that often appears heavy-handed, confrontational, or insufficiently humane. While authorities may genuinely act in the public interest, their methods sometimes aggravate tensions rather than resolve them.
In Abuja, the strike by workers of the Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA) and the Federal Capital Development Authority (FCDA) under the Joint Union Action Committee (JUAC) brought the capital to a near standstill. Their demands included five months’ unpaid wages, hazard and rural allowances, promotion arrears, welfare packages, pension and National Housing Fund remittances, and training and career progression concerns. These are core labour issues that directly affect workers’ dignity and livelihoods. Efforts to dialogue with the FCT Minister reportedly failed. Even after a court ordered the strike to end, workers persisted, underscoring the depth of discontent. Threats and sanctions only hardened positions.
The FCT crisis shows that industrial peace cannot be enforced through coercion. Dialogue is not weakness; it is recognition that governance is about people. Meeting labour leaders, listening attentively, clarifying grey areas, and agreeing on timelines could restore trust. Honesty and negotiation are far more effective than threats.
In Anambra, protests by Onitsha Main Market traders followed the government’s closure of the market over continued observance of a Monday sit-at-home, linked to separatist agitation. Governor Chukwuma Soludo described compliance as economic sabotage, insisting Anambra cannot operate as a “four-day-a-week economy.” While the governor’s concern is understandable, threats to revoke ownership, seize, or demolish the market risk escalating tensions. Many traders comply out of fear, not ideology. Markets are social ecosystems of families, apprentices, and informal networks; heavy-handed enforcement may worsen resistance. A better approach combines persuasion, dialogue with market leaders, credible security assurances, and gradual confidence-building. Coordinated political engagement with federal authorities could also reduce regional tensions.
In Lagos, protests erupted over demolition of homes in low-income waterfront communities such as Makoko, Owode Onirin, and Oworonshoki. The state defended these actions as necessary for safety, environmental protection, and urban renewal. While objectives are legitimate, demolitions drew criticism for lack of notice, compensation, and humane resettlement. Urban development without regard for human consequences risks appearing elitist and anti-poor. Where demolitions are unavoidable, transparent engagement, fair compensation, and realistic relocation must precede action to maintain public trust and social stability.
Across Abuja, Anambra, and Lagos, a common thread emerges: a disconnect between authority and empathy. Government actions may follow policy logic, but citizens respond from lived experience, fear, and frustration. When these realities collide without dialogue, the streets become the arena of engagement.
Democracy cannot thrive on decrees, threats, or bulldozers alone. Leaders must listen as much as they command, persuade as much as they enforce. Minister Wike should see labour leaders as partners, Governor Soludo must balance firmness with sensitivity, and Lagos authorities should align urban renewal with compassion and justice. Protests are signals of communication failure. Dialogue, caution, and a human face in governance are not optional—they are necessities. Police and security agencies must respect peaceful protest as a constitutional right.
By: Calista Ezeaku
Opinion
Empowering Youth Through Agriculture
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