Opinion
In Nigeria’s Interest
In a children’s fiction, One Week One Trouble, Anezi Okoro told the story of a boy, Wilson Tagbo, who begins secondary school but had more flaws than virtues because he got into trouble almost every week – from riding the school’s bull and interrupting a sports event to tampering with laughing gas at the Chemistry laboratory.
Looking at the current state of the country, wouldn’t it be apt to liken Nigeria toTagbo as her trouble seems endless? For a while now, there is hardly a week that passes without the citizens having to battle with one problem or another – herders/farmers clashes, banditry, kidnappings, fire outbreaks, National Identity Number (NIN) registration issues, food shortage, fuel scarcity and many more.
For some ambiguous reasons, motorists are back to the era of queuing for hours or even passing nights at fuel stations in order to get petrol to move around. Expectedly, transportation fare has doubled and prices of food and other items in the market have increasedastronomically. In some parts of the South, there is scarcity of meat and some other food items because a group that calls itself Amalgamated Union of Food Stuff and Cattle Dealers of Nigeria, had the audacity to order the stoppage of food and meat supply from the north to the south.
Initially, it sounded like a joke. But behold, last week Thursday, the association commenced a strike action asking for N4.75 billion in compensation from the federal government for the destruction of their businesses and property during the #EndSARS protest and Shasha, Oyo State market chaos in February.
Although the six days strike was reportedly called off on Wednesday following the intervention of Kogi State Governor, Yahaya Bello, it goes to show how selfish and unreasonable some people can be. This set of people has deliberately been sowing seeds of discord among the northerners. They portray the #EndSARS protest as being an anti-north protest which is far from the truth.
In the first two weeks of the protest which was carried out by Nigerian youths across the country who were demanding an end to police brutality, good governance, among others, we saw youths of the country from different tribes and religions united in one voice for a common purpose. They were forging ahead in this unity when some of our leaders became jittery and decided to destabilise them, leading to the huge destruction. And anyone who followed the reported accounts of the incident can testify that the destruction was done randomly across the country.
So, it couldn’t have been targeted at any ethnic group or region. Igbos, Hausas, Yorubas, Ijaws, Ibibios and people from other ethnic groups were victims of the mayhem. Now, should all these peoples withdraw their services to one another and, by implication, to the nation because some of them were adversely affected by the protest? What kind of country will that be?
Yes, there was an attack on food stuff sellers in Shasha, Ibadan, Oyo State. Was it not condemned by almost everyone, including governors, traditional and political leaders of the South West and other parts of the country? I remember the state governor, Seyi Makinde, and his Ondo State counterpart, Rotimi Akeredolu, promptly visiting the community, suing for peace and promising to give palliatives to those whose goods and property were affected by the mayhem.
So, there is no justification for the action of the northern food dealers who failed to realise that no section of the country has a monopoly of everything. What you have, others may not have. What others have, you may not have, hence the need for a balance. In any case, there are millions of northerners living in the south and vice versa. A lot of inter-marriages have taken place. So, by blocking transportation of food items to the south, you are also punishing your fellow northerners in that section of the country.
What about the huge loss to northern farmers who have invested millions of naira in their business, only to watch their goods perish or be compelled to sell them at giveaway prices because they are prevented from taking them to the south? How will they be compensated?
I think we have come a long way as a country. And as long as we remain one nation, we should work towards peace and unity of the country instead of everyone clinging to their ethnic nationality as is being seen everywhere lately. There is no part of the country that is not feeling the heat of growing insecurity in the country. We should join hands to deal with the challenge instead of allowing it to tear us apart. There are various trades being carried out in the country – cattle rearing, farming, trading and many others. If those engaged in these businesses learn to abide by the rules of engagement and imbibe the principle of live-and-let live, our communities and the country at large will be a better, peaceful place to live.
Meanwhile, there is still a lot of work to be done about our national unity. It is not enough to erect the unity fountain or continue claiming that the country is united when through actions and inactions our political, opinion and religious leaders are constantly dividing the country. Some of our leaders, both at the federal and state levels, have placed their ethnic interests far above that of other ethnic groups in the country and are ready to dance to their tune no matter whose ox is gored. We have heard the Governor of Zamfara State, Bello Matawalle, and some other prominent people of Fulani origin constantly canvassing for amnesty for bandits who have killed, raped and plundered the North West and other parts of the country. I believe you know the reason.
If we have leadership in the country, we need to see them take decisive measures to deal with the enormous problems in the country. The current issue of blockage of food supply particularly, should be swiftly and unbiasedly handled before it escalates.
For the leaders and peoples of the South, it is hoped that the events of the past six days have opened their eyes so that they can begin to prioritise investment in agriculture.
By: Calista Ezeaku
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Opinion
Fuel Subsidy Removal and the Economic Implications for Nigerians
From all indications, Nigeria possesses enough human and material resources to become a true economic powerhouse in Africa. According to the National Population Commission (NPC, 2023), the country’s population has grown steadily within the last decade, presently standing at about 220 million people—mostly young, vibrant, and innovative. Nigeria also remains the sixth-largest oil producer in the world, with enormous reserves of gas, fertile agricultural land, and human capital.
Yet, despite this enormous potential, the country continues to grapple with underdevelopment, poverty, unemployment, and insecurity. Recent data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS, 2023) show that about 129 million Nigerians currently live below the poverty line. Most families can no longer afford basic necessities, even as the government continues to project a rosy economic picture.
The Subsidy Question
The removal of fuel subsidy in 2023 by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has been one of the most controversial policy decisions in Nigeria’s recent history. According to the president, subsidy removal was designed to reduce fiscal burden, unify the foreign exchange rate, attract investment, curb inflation, and discourage excessive government borrowing.
While these objectives are theoretically sound, the reality for ordinary Nigerians has been severe hardship. Fuel prices more than tripled, transportation costs surged, and food inflation—already high—rose above 30% (NBS, 2023). The World Bank (2023) estimates that an additional 7.1 million Nigerians were pushed into poverty after subsidy removal.
A Critical Economic View
As an economist, I argue that the problem was not subsidy removal itself—which was inevitable—but the timing, sequencing, and structural gaps in Nigeria’s implementation.
- Structural Miscalculation
Nigeria’s four state-owned refineries remain nonfunctional. By removing subsidies without local refining capacity, the government exposed the economy to import-price pass-through effects—where global oil price shocks translate directly into domestic inflation. This was not just a timing issue but a fundamental policy miscalculation.
- Neglect of Social Safety Nets
Countries like Indonesia (2005) and Ghana (2005) removed subsidies successfully only after introducing cash transfers, transport vouchers, and food subsidies for the poor (World Bank, 2005). Nigeria, however, implemented removal abruptly, shifting the fiscal burden directly onto households without protection.
- Failure to Secure Food and Energy Alternatives
Fuel subsidy removal amplified existing weaknesses in agriculture and energy. Instead of sequencing reforms, government left Nigerians without refinery capacity, renewable energy alternatives, or mechanized agricultural productivity—all of which could have cushioned the shock.
Political and Public Concerns
Prominent leaders have echoed these concerns. Mr. Peter Obi, the Labour Party’s 2023 presidential candidate, described the subsidy removal as “good but wrongly timed.” Atiku Abubakar of the People’s Democratic Party also faulted the government’s hasty approach. Human rights activists like Obodoekwe Stive stressed that refineries should have been made functional first, to reduce the suffering of citizens.
This is not just political rhetoric—it reflects a widespread economic reality. When inflation climbs above 30%, when purchasing power collapses, and when households cannot meet basic needs, the promise of reform becomes overshadowed by social pain.
Broader Implications
The consequences of this policy are multidimensional:
- Inflationary Pressures – Food inflation above 30% has made nutrition unaffordable for many households.
- Rising Poverty – 7.1 million Nigerians have been newly pushed into poverty (World Bank, 2023).
- Middle-Class Erosion – Rising transport, rent, and healthcare costs are squeezing household incomes.
- Debt Concerns – Despite promises, government borrowing has continued, raising sustainability questions.
- Public Distrust – When government promises savings but citizens feel only pain, trust in leadership erodes.
In effect, subsidy removal without structural readiness has widened inequality and eroded social stability.
Missed Opportunities
Nigeria’s leaders had the chance to approach subsidy removal differently:
- Refinery Rehabilitation – Ensuring local refining to reduce exposure to global oil price shocks.
- Renewable Energy Investment – Diversifying energy through solar, hydro, and wind to reduce reliance on imported petroleum.
- Agricultural Productivity – Mechanization, irrigation, and smallholder financing could have boosted food supply and stabilized prices.
- Social Safety Nets – Conditional cash transfers, food vouchers, and transport subsidies could have protected the most vulnerable.
Instead, reform came abruptly, leaving citizens to absorb all the pain while waiting for theoretical long-term benefits.
Conclusion: Reform With a Human Face
Fuel subsidy removal was inevitable, but Nigeria’s approach has worsened hardship for millions. True reform must go beyond fiscal savings to protect citizens.
Economic policy is not judged only by its efficiency but by its humanity. A well-sequenced reform could have balanced fiscal responsibility with equity, ensuring that ordinary Nigerians were not crushed under the weight of sudden change.
Nigeria has the resources, population, and resilience to lead Africa’s economy. But leadership requires foresight. It requires policies that are inclusive, humane, and strategically sequenced.
Reform without equity is displacement of poverty, not development. If Nigeria truly seeks progress, its policies must wear a human face.
References
- National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2023). Poverty and Inequality Report. Abuja.
- National Population Commission (NPC). (2023). Population Estimates. Abuja.
- World Bank. (2023). Nigeria Development Update. Washington, DC.
- World Bank. (2005). Fuel Subsidy Reforms: Lessons from Indonesia and Ghana. Washington, DC.
- OPEC. (2023). Annual Statistical Bulletin. Vienna.
By: Amarachi Amaugo
