Opinion
Genocide By Unemployment
One problem that has assumed a scary status all over the
world is unemployment. Both advanced and developing nations dread the
unemployment monster like the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. But while
the developed world are pushing initiatives to curb the menace, unemployment
appears to have assumed an incurable height in developing world.
Since the 1930s when the economy of the United States pulled
out of the worst recession, successive administrations in America have kept the
unemployment rate at the lowest ebb. In spite of its present economic
recession, America’s visceral reaction remains the same: “Give me a decent job
and I will take care of myself.”
It is against this backdrop that US President Barack Obama
last year, made a direct appeal to the US Congress to push forward his
administration’s initiatives to help small scale business. The focus of his
appeal, was “how do we create jobs.”
Aids for small businesses has been the focus of Obama’s
attempt to encourage job growth. This initiative has helped to push America’s
unemployment rate down to about 9.5 per
cent.
The story is, however, different in African countries, with
Nigeria as an axample. Recent United Nations statistics show that only about
five per cent of the fresh Nigerian graduates are able to secure good jobs
after the National Youth Service Corp (NYSC), while about 15 per cent make do
with jobs that could hardly earn them a good living. The remaining 80 per cent
are said to be in unemployment market.
Everywhere you go to in the country; the story is the same,
with the preponderance of “No vacancy” strategically and conspicuously placed
at the entrance gates of companies. The metropolitan cities are the most
affected. Just as the economic vagaries have made cities in the country a Mecca
of some sorts for destitute and beggars, the toll of unemployment has made many
fresh Nigerian graduates relocate from their immediate environment to some
cities like Abuja, Lagos and Port Harcourt considered to be more economically
viable.
Lately however, these so-called lands of fortunes have also
developed a talon to kill, as many young graduates now roam about the streets
in search of jobs that do not exist.
Today, getting a job to keep body and soul together is like
searching for oasis in the desert. Young graduates are the most affected. The unemployment
situation in the country has made many of them to take to menial jobs while a
large number of them have even taken to some criminal activities like
kidnapping, armed robbery, female prostitution, touting and political thuggery
etc.
But how did Nigeria come about this ugly situation called
unemployment, considering the fact that in the 1970s, companies were the ones
looking for people to employ?
I think the ugly trend of unemployment could be blamed on
poverty of leadership in Nigeria. That the nation is adrift in providing jobs
for its teeming youths is a symptom of a larger defect.
Since the Second Republic when Nigeria started having the
problem of poor leadership, the country’s once buoyant economy has been in the
doldrums. With the economy getting worse, many companies began to fold up,
while the surviving ones could only employ an insignificant number of the
population. Today, the demand for labour
is a drop in the ocean of unemployed population. There are hundreds of
thousands of job applicants chasing tens of available jobs.
The situation is made worse by the closure of many banks
which, before now, helped to mop up the labour market. With five or more banks
collapsing into one due to economic recession, tens of thousands of workers are
thrown back into the labour market.
There is no doubt that the resources available in the
country, if managed well, are enough to provide jobs for all eligible
Nigerians. But since those who are saddled with the responsibility of
creating jobs are busy exploiting their
offices to amass wealth at the expense of the downtrodden masses, Nigeria is
now reduced to a country that makes one ill.
What is more, the surviving companies have decided to employ
the services of computers which now reduce the number of labour to be employed.
Most of the jobs that could be done by professionals are now being done by
computers at a cheaper rate and under a considerable number of hours.
It would be recalled that in its bid to address the question
of unemployment in the country, the Federal Government, as far back as 1986,
initiated a self-employment scheme, with the National Directorate of Employment
(NDE) as its operator. Twenty-six years
after its establishment, the problem of unemployment still subsists and even
grows in strength; more especially as institutions of higher learning churn out
more graduates on annual basis.
The truth is that, with an average of 250,000 graduates
produced by our universities alone each year, Nigeria is confronted with the
options of either to provide them meaningful jobs or risks the dangers inherent
in these youths resorting to self-help in a criminal way.
Boye Salau
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Empowering Youth Through Agriculture
Quote:”While job seeking youths should continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries”.
The Governor of Rivers State, Sir Siminalayi Fubara, recently urged youths in the Rivers State to take advantage of the vast opportunities available to become employers of labour and contribute meaningfully to the growth and development of the State. Governor Fubara noted that global trends increasingly favour entrepreneurship and innovation, and said that youths in Rivers State must not be left behind in harnessing these opportunities. The Governor, represented by the Secretary to the State Government, Dr Benibo Anabraba, made this known while declaring open the 2026 Job Fair organised by the Rivers State Government in partnership with the Nigeria Employers’ Consultative Association (NECA) in Port Harcourt. The Governor acknowledged the responsibility of government to create jobs for its teeming youth population but noted that it is unrealistic to absorb all job seekers into the civil service.
“As a government, we recognise our duty to provide employment opportunities for our teeming youths. However, we also understand that not all youths can be accommodated within the civil service. This underscores the need to encourage entrepreneurship across diverse sectors and to partner with other stakeholders, including the youths themselves, so they can transition from being job seekers to employers of labour,” he said. It is necessary to State that Governor Fubara has not only stated the obvious but was committed to drive youth entrepreneurship towards their self-reliance and the economic development of the State It is not news that developed economies of the world are skilled driven economies. The private sector also remains the highest employer of labour in private sector driven or capitalist economy though it is also the responsibility of government to create job opportunities for the teeming unemployed youth population in Nigeria which has the highest youth unemployed population in the subSahara Africa.
The lack of job opportunities, caused partly by the Federal Government’s apathy to job creation, the lack of adequate supervision of job opportunities economic programmes, lack of employable skills by many youths in the country have conspired to heighten the attendant challenges of unemployment. The challenges which include, “Japa” syndrome (travelling abroad for greener pastures), that characterises the labour market and poses threat to the nation’s critical sector, especially the health and medical sector; astronomical increase in the crime rate and a loss of interest in education. While job seeking youths should continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries.
While commending the Rivers State Government led by the People First Governor, Sir Siminilayi Fubara for initiating “various training and capacity-building programmes in areas such as ICT and artificial intelligence, oil and gas, maritime, and the blue economy, among others”, it is note-worthy that the labour market is dynamic and shaped by industry-specific demands, technological advancements, management practices and other emerging factors. So another sector the Federal, State and Local Governments should encourage youths to explore and harness the abounding potentials, in my considered view, is Agriculture. Agriculture remains a veritable solution to hunger, inflation, and food Insecurity that ravages the country. No doubt, the Nigeria’s arable landmass is grossly under-utilised and under-exploited.
In recent times, Nigerians have voiced their concerns about the persistent challenges of hunger, inflation, and the general increase in prices of goods and commodities. These issues not only affect the livelihoods of individuals and families but also pose significant threats to food security and economic stability in the country. The United Nations estimated that more than 25 million people in Nigeria could face food insecurity this year—a 47% increase from the 17 million people already at risk of going hungry, mainly due to ongoing insecurity, protracted conflicts, and rising food prices. An estimated two million children under five are likely to be pushed into acute malnutrition. (Reliefweb ,2023). In response, Nigeria declared a state of emergency on food insecurity, recognizing the urgent need to tackle food shortages, stabilize rising prices, and protect farmers facing violence from armed groups. However, without addressing the insecurity challenges, farmers will continue to struggle to feed their families and boost food production.
In addition, parts of northwest and northeast Nigeria have experienced changes in rainfall patterns making less water available for crop production. These climate change events have resulted in droughts and land degradations; presenting challenges for local communities and leading to significant impact on food security. In light of these daunting challenges, it is imperative to address the intricate interplay between insecurity and agricultural productivity. Nigeria can work toward ensuring food security, reducing poverty, and fostering sustainable economic growth in its vital agricultural sector. In this article, I suggest solutions that could enhance agricultural production and ensure that every state scales its agricultural production to a level where it can cater to 60% of the population.
This is feasible and achievable if government at all levels are intentional driving the development of the agricultural sector which was the major economic mainstay of the Country before the crude oil was struck in commercial quantity and consequently became the nation’s monolithic revenue source. Government should revive the moribund Graduate Farmers Scheme and the Rivers State School-to-Land agricultural programmes to operate concurrently with other skills acquisition and development programmes. There should be a consideration for investment in mechanized farming and arable land allocation. State and local governments should play a pivotal role in promoting mechanized farming and providing arable land for farming in communities. Additionally, allocating arable land enables small holder farmers to expand their operations and contribute to food security at the grassroots level.
Nigeria can unlock the potential of its agricultural sector to address the pressing needs of its population and achieve sustainable development. Policymakers and stakeholders must heed Akande’s recommendations and take decisive action to ensure a food-secure future for all Nigerians.
By: Igbiki Benibo
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