Business
CBN Clarifies Shareholders’ Position On Banks
Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has explained that investors of the eight banks whose managing directors were sacked by the CBN have not lost everything in the bank.
CBN governor, Sanusi Lamido, clarified that what happened is that many of the banks have had their capital base seriously eroded by the losses the banks made as a result of marginal loans they advanced to stockbrokers and other investors in the capital market.
Most of the banks have had their shareholders’ funds wiped out in technical accounting sense, the governor remarked, but that does not mean that all the assets of the banks like landed property etc, are gone.
He further explained that one of the reasons the CBN intervened in the affairs of the banks was to ensure that the banks did not go under. “We are trying to recover the bad loans of these banks. To say that they have lost their capital does not men that the institutions are worthless. Every recovery is capital recovery,” he said.
As at last week, the CBN governor said a total of N140 billion of such bad loans has been recovered by the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC).
This figure is still a far cry from N1.6 trillion the CBN said is the entire banking industry’s total exposure to the stock market and oil and gas industry as at December 2008.
He said the action taken by the CBN is in the best interest of the shareholders disclosing that by, the time the CBN finishes with its forensic audit of the banks, many of the shareholders would be startled to find out that the purported majority shareholders of their banks were not actually the majority shareholders. The governor said many of the former bank chiefs merely used special purpose vehicles to allocate shares to themselves without paying a kobo for such shares, yet they were collecting dividends on those spurious shareholding.
Sanusi said the on going reforms in the banking industry would not have been possible without the cooperation of President Umaru Yar’Adua and the law enforcement agencies like the EFCC.
Shareholders of the affected banks (Intercontinental Bank International, Afribank Plc, Finbank Plc, Union Bank, Bank PHB, Spring Bank, and Equitorial Trust Bank) had been apprehensive following media reports which suggested that they have lost their shareholding in the banks.
But with the CBN governor’s clarification, that confusion has been erased. It is now envisaged that some of the shareholders that have threatened to challenge CBN action in court may rethink the next line of action to take.
Edun made the call while speaking at the 2025 Fellowship Investiture of the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria (CIBN) in Lagos, where he reaffirmed the federal government’s commitment to sustaining ongoing reforms and expanding access to finance as key drivers of economic growth beyond four per cent.
“We all know that monetary policy under Cardoso has stabilised the financial system in a most commendable way. Of course, it is a team effort, and those eye-watering interest rates have to be paid by the fiscal side. But the fight against inflation is one we all have to participate in,” he said.
The minister stressed the need for banks to broaden credit access and finance innovation-driven enterprises that can create jobs for young Nigerians.
“The finance and banking industry has more work to do because we must finance their ideas, deepen the capital and credit markets down to SMEs. They should not have to go to Silicon Valley,” he said.
The minister who described the private sector as the engine of growth, said the government’s reform agenda aims to create an enabling environment where businesses can thrive, access funding, and contribute meaningfully to job creation.
The facility, known as the Nigeria Actions for Investment and Jobs Acceleration (P512892), is a Development Policy Financing (DPF) operation scheduled for World Bank Board consideration on December 16, 2025.
According to the Bank’s concept note , the financing would comprise $500m in International Development Association (IDA) credit and $500m in International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) loan.
If approved, it would be the second-largest single loan Nigeria has received from the World Bank under President Bola Tinubu’s administration, following the $1.5 billion facility granted in June 2024 under the Reforms for Economic Stabilisation to Enable Transformation (RESET) initiative.
The World Bank said the new programme aims to support Nigeria’s shift from short-term macroeconomic stabilisation to sustainable, private sector–led growth.
“The proposed Development Policy Financing (DPF) supports Nigeria’s pivot from stabilization to inclusive growth and job creation. Structured as a two-tranche standalone operation of US$1.0 billion (US$500 million IDA credit and US$500 million IBRD loan), it seeks to catalyse private sector–led investment by expanding access to credit, deepening capital markets and digital services, easing inflationary pressures, and promoting export diversification,” the document read.
The document further stated that Nigeria’s private sector credit-to-GDP ratio stood at only 21.3 per cent in 2024, significantly below that of emerging-market peers, while capital markets remain shallow, with sovereign securities dominating the bond market.
To address these weaknesses, the DPF will support the implementation of the Investment and Securities Act 2025, operationalisation of credit-enhancement facilities, and introduction of a comprehensive Central Bank of Nigeria rulebook to strengthen risk-based regulation and consumer protection.
The operation also includes measures to deepen digital inclusion through the passage of the National Digital Economy and E-Governance Bill 2025, which will establish a legal framework for electronic transactions, authentication services, and digital records.
Beyond the financial and digital sectors, the programme targets reforms to lower production and living costs by tackling Nigeria’s restrictive trade regime. High tariffs and import bans have long driven up consumer prices and constrained competitiveness, particularly for manufacturers and farmers.
Under the proposed reforms, Nigeria would adopt AfCFTA tariff concessions, rationalise import restrictions, and simplify agricultural seed certification to increase the supply of high-quality varieties for maize, rice, and soybeans. The World Bank projects that these measures will help reduce food inflation, attract private investment, and enhance export potential.
The operation is part of a broader World Bank FY26 package that includes three complementary projects—Fostering Inclusive Finance for MSMEs (FINCLUDE), Building Resilient Digital Infrastructure for Growth (BRIDGE), and Nigeria Sustainable Agricultural Value-Chains for Growth (AGROW)—all focused on expanding access to finance, strengthening institutions, and mobilising private capital.
