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Oil Revenue And Northern Governors’ Agitation

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This is the conncluding part of this article first published on Wednesday.

Government admitted that 40,000 oil spills had occurred in the past 53 years of oil exploration. In the report, the World Bank claimed that the palm groves, shorelines, creeks and other habitable areas would be washed away by erosion as well as spills due to vandalism, system failure and crude oil theft.  Apart from effects of oil spills, gas flaring constitutes a veritable hazard. It causes acid rain which acidifies the lakes and streams and damages crops and vegetation. It reduces farm yields and harms human health; increases the risk of respiratory illnesses, asthma and cancer and often causes chronic bronchitis, decreased lung function, blindness, impotence, miscarriages and premature deaths. Constant heat and the absence of darkness in some communities have done incalculable damage to human, animal and plant life in affected areas. Gas flares also cause affected places to be covered in thick soot, making even rain water unsafe for drinking. A United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report, last August, criticised how the Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) deals with the environmental damage it has caused in the Niger Delta, especially in ogoniland. UNEP said Ogoniland needed the world’s largest ever oil clean_up, which would cost an initial $1billion or N160 billion and could take 30 years. How Ogoniland and other polluted communities would be cleaned is a matter of conjecture. If now that oil revenue is available the areas cannot be cleaned, is it when the revenues cease that the task will be embarked upon? By projection, Nigeria currently has proven crude oil reserves of about 37.2 billion barrels which at the current rate of exploitation (2.5mbp) may be exhausted in the next 40 years unless new deposits are discovered. Like most oil-bearing areas of the world, the Niger Delta has a tough terrain, which needs huge funds to be developed. Often times, oil producing areas are marshy or arid and most of the parts of the Niger Delta is marshy. The devastation of the Niger Delta region has been attributed, among others, to many failures of policy in the region and refusal of the government to pay special attention and inject funds into the area for development. Till date, no city in the region has been mapped out for a special development as the government did in Lagos and Abuja.”

“In the beginning: In 1958, before crude oil became a critical factor in Nigeria’s development, Sir Henry Willink’s Commission recommended that the Niger Delta region deserved special developmental attention by the Federal Government because of its difficult terrain. In response, the government established the Niger Delta Development Board (NDDB) in 1960 to tackle the developmental needs of the region. The board in  its seven years of existence achieved little or nothing. It was consumed by the military coup of 1966 and the outbreak of the civil war in 1967. Before and shortly after Nigeria’s independence in 1960, the federating units (regions) retained 50 per cent of revenues derived from their areas and contributed the rest to the central pool. It was on this basis that the regional governments led by late Chief Obafemi Awolowo (West); Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe (East); Sir Ahmadu Bello (North) and later Dennis Osadebey (Mid-West) unleashed unparalleled development in their respective areas. However, the 50 per cent derivation principle was kicked aside by the military in 1967 as earnings from crude oil skyrocketed. First, parts of the proceeds were used to prosecute the Nigeria-Biafra civil war of 1967 to 70. After the war, the military rulers refused to return to the status quo and chose to disburse funds to the states as they deemed feat. The military also created numerous states and local councils, which were funded with oil money. The oil producing areas were short-changed in the series of state and councils creation sprees. The President Shehu Shagari Administration set up a Presidential Task Force (popularly known as the 1.5 % Committee) in 1980 and 1.5 per cent of the Federation Account was allocated to the Committee to tackle the developmental problems of the region. This committee could not achieve much. There were doubts if the government actually disbursed 1.5 per cent of the revenue to the committee. And most of the funds released were allegedly looted.

So, when General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida came to power, he set up the Oil Mineral Producing Areas Commission (OMPADEC) in 1992 and allocated 3 per cent of federally collected oil revenue to it to address the needs of the areas. Like its forebears, the OMPADEC, which initially raised hopes also failed to deliver as it perceptively became inefficient and corrupt. When General Sani Abacha took over, he set up the Petroleum Trust Fund (PTF) headed by Major General Muhammadu Buhari (rtd). The PTF did not meet the yearnings of Niger Deltans as its mandate covered all parts of the country. With critics saying that the PTF carried out more projects in northern parts of the country, restiveness in the Niger Delta assumed a higher gear. Abacha convened a National Constitutional Conference (NCC) in 1994, where conferees agreed on at least 13 per cent derivation. Abacha did not live to implement the recommendation. His successor, General Abdulsalami Abubakar included it in the 1999 Constitution, which he handed over to President Olusegun Obasanjo on May 29, 1999. On his part, Obasanjo scrapped the PTF and established a special body, the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC), to undertake rapid development of the impoverished oil region. He foot-dragged on the payment of the 13 per cent derivation until the oil producing states got a court judgment, which forced him to pay the proceeds beginning from June 1999.”

“At the National Political Reforms Conference (NPRC) convened by Obasanjo in 2005, South-South delegates insisted on 25 per cent derivation and had to walk out on the gathering when the other parts of the country said they could not approve anything more than 18 per cent, which was later recommended. However, this recommendation did not see the light of the day and died with Obasanjo’s alleged third term ambition. On succeeding Obasanjo, late President Umaru Musa Yar’Adua established the Ministry of Niger Delta Affairs, to offer more palliatives to the region. When militancy took the upswing in the area and knocked down oil production to about one million barrels per day, he also offered amnesty to the militants, a programme that has gulped billions of Naira.

The current fire of derivation controversy raging in the polity was ignited a few weeks ago when a host of northern leaders including Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Governor, Malam Lamido Sanusi; Niger State Governor and Chairman of the Northern Governors Forum (NGF), Dr Mu’azu Babangida Aliyu; the Arewa Consultative Forum (ACF) and Dr. Junaid Mohammed decried the huge revenues going to the oil producing states and sought reduction of the proceeds to free more money that could be allocated to northern states. Some of them attributed the Boko Haram insurgency ravaging many northern cities especially in the North-East geo-political zone to poverty arising from disproportionate revenue allocation to the North. The northern demand drew the ire of some Niger Deltans, who demanded true federalism and 50 per cent derivation.

 “Disturbed by the dangerous dimension the derivation question and other issues such as insecurity and stunted growth were taking in the country, former Commonwealth Secretary General, Chief Emeka Anayaoku, has canvassed a return to true federalism, to address the issues. Speaking a colloquium to mark Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s 60th birthday in Lagos, he said: “I do believe that a true, rather than our current unitarist federalism, will better promote peace, stability and development in Nigeria. There can be no doubt that Nigeria was making more progress in national development in the early years of its independence when it practiced a true federalism of four regions with more extensive powers devolved from the centre to the regions. Those were the days of the significant export of groundnuts,  hides and skins, and the tin ore from the North; of cocoa from the West; of rubber from the Mid-West; and of palm produce and coal from the East of Nigeria. They were also the days of such achievements as the free universal education and introduction of television in Chief Awolowo’s Western region, and of the budgeoning industrialization of Dr Okpara’s Eastern region.”

“To return to true federalism, we need a major restructuring of our current architecture of governance.  We would need six  federating units, instead of our present 36, which not only sustains an over dominant centre, but also compels the country to spend not less than 74 per cent of its revenue on the cost of administration. 

“We need to convene a national conference of appropriately chosen representatives of the six geopolitical zones to dialogue on how to face these serious challenges. I believe that if we are to recapture the zeal with which the then regional Premiers and their electorates embarked on the development of their regions, if we are to arrest  the present destructive competition between our various ethnic groups for the control of power at the centre, and if we are to repair the collapse in our societal value system which is at the root of the pervasive corruption and degradation of our public services, we should aim at getting the national conference to reach a consensus on devolving from the centre to the six federating units responsibility for such areas of governance as internal security including the police, infrastructure, education, health and economic development.” Anyaoku’s suggestion has the endorsements of many eminent Nigerians drawn from all parts of the country.

The agitation against the 13% oil revenue derivation to oil producing states and the attendant ecological and devastation from oil exploration without commensurate infrastructure development of the region is unfair and unjustifiable in the face of recent Boko Haram insurgence and agitation for more revenue from the Northern States.

Dr. Akpogena, a Christian devotional Writer/Minister, Educationist and Consultant writes from Port Harcourt.

 

Lewis Akpogene

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Fish Production Deficit, A Major Investment Opportunity – Minister

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The Minister of Marine and Blue Economy, Dr Adegboyega Oyetola, has called on investors and financial institutions to tap into Nigeria’s vast catfish industry, describing the country’s fish production deficit as a major investment opportunity capable of driving economic growth, food security and job creation.
Oyetola made the remark during a high-level roundtable on scaling sustainable catfish value chain transformation, organised under the Fisheries and Aquaculture for Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific programme, in Abuja, Wednesday.
In a statement, Oyetola said Nigeria’s annual fish requirement stood at approximately 3.6 million metric tonnes, while domestic production from all sources is about 1.4 million metric tonnes, leaving a significant supply gap that local aquaculture operators and prospective investors could exploit.
He said “Expanding domestic fish production is an economic and food security imperative. It offers an opportunity to strengthen domestic food supply, reduce dependence on fish imports, stimulate enterprise development and create sustainable livelihoods across the country.
He noted that Nigeria is Africa’s second-largest aquaculture producer and a leading producer of farmed African catfish, stressing that the sector’s potential extends beyond fish farming to hatcheries, feed mills, equipment manufacturing, transportation, processing, cold-chain services and trading.
“Investment in aquaculture has a multiplier effect, creating opportunities and value across several interconnected sectors of the economy. Closing the production gap would require more than establishing additional fish farms”, Oyetola stated, insisting on coordinated investments across the entire value chain.
He identified access to quality fingerlings, affordable feed, appropriate financing, effective fish health management, reliable markets and modern infrastructure as essential to sustainable industry expansion.
Highlighting the contributions of FISH4ACP, the minister commended the Food and Agriculture Organisation, the European Union and the German Government for supporting Nigeria’s catfish value chain.
He said the programme had identified critical industry constraints and demonstrated practical interventions in alternative feed ingredients, including black soldier fly larvae, hatchery management, broodstock improvement, business development and digital farm management.
On access to finance, Oyetola urged lenders to develop credit arrangements that reflect the realities of fish farming.
While stating that “the timing of disbursement, repayment schedules and cost of credit must reflect the production cycle and cash-flow patterns of fish farming enterprises,”the minister added that viable businesses should not be constrained by unsuitable financing arrangements.
He identified high feed and energy costs, inconsistent supplies of quality fingerlings, inadequate fish health management, weak biosecurity and insufficient processing and cold-storage facilities as major challenges confronting the industry, describing these constraints as investment opportunities, particularly in feed manufacturing, modern hatcheries, processing facilities and cold-chain infrastructure.

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NCDMB, NLNG Unveil $9m For Professorial Endowment Research Chairs In Six Varsities

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The Nigerian Content Development and Monitoring Board (NCDMB), and the Nigeria Liquified Natural Gas Limited (NLNG) have launched a US$9 million professorial chair endowment programme across six Nigerian universities to develop commercially viable solutions to industry challenges, strengthen local research capacity and advance technological innovation.
To this end, the Board in a statement said under the Nigerian Content Research and Development (NC-R&D) Professorial Chair Endowment Programme, each university is to receive US$1.5 million to establish a specialised professorial chair focused on agreed industry research priorities.
The Tide gathered that the initiative was being implemented in partnership with the NCDMB, under the supervision of its Planning, Research and Statistics Directorate.
The beneficiary institutions include the University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Modibbo Adama University, Yola, Adamawa State, Aliko Dangote University of Science and Technology, Kano State, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, and Yakubu Gowon University(formerly University of Abuja).
Speaking at the kick-off ceremony, NLNG’s Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer, Adeleye Falade, described the programme as an investment in Nigeria’s capacity to translate academic knowledge into practical solutions.
In his keynote address, titled ‘Reshaping Nigeria’s Future Through Innovation, Research and Capacity Development,’ Falade emphasised the importance of sustained collaboration between government, industry and academia.
“In the energy industry, we understand that technology and energy systems are evolving and the requirement for sustained research cannot be overemphasised,” he said.
The NLNG’S boss noted that the programme would support research into challenges central to the energy industry’s future, including improving operational efficiency, managing emissions, strengthening safety, maintaining critical infrastructure and making industrial processes more sustainable.
Beyond the research endowments, he outlined opportunities for a “triple helix” approach that brings government, industry and academia together through specialised programmes, sabbaticals, exchange opportunities, practical testing of research assumptions and the joint development of postgraduate curricula.
A Statement from the Corporate Communications Division of the NCDMB further stated that the six beneficiary universities will undertake research in distinct areas while the NLNG Research and Innovation Centre for Computer and Electrical Engineering (RICCEE) at the Rivers State University was envisaged as the coordinating point for these collaborations among the universities.
Falade added that discussions were already under way with the Rivers State University on implementation arrangements and commended its Vice-Chancellor, Professor Isaac Zeb-Obipi, for his role in advancing the proposed collaboration.
“We’ve already gotten indications of other partners like Google, Cisco and MTN who are showing interest to support this initiative, he noted.
He also highlighted the opportunities for younger researchers to deepen their expertise, investigate industry problems and learn from experienced academics and practitioners, urging the beneficiary institutions to build on the endowments by strengthening research partnerships and attract additional funding and pursue the commercialisation of intellectual property.
“Expand the scope, reach for more grants and funding which can push the frontiers of knowledge and commercialisation of intellectual property,” he added.
Acknowledging NCDMB’s role in bringing the initiative to fruition, the LNG helmsman called for sustained commitment to technology transfer and the development of home-grown solutions without compromising quality assurance or safety.
He averred that the programme’s lasting value would lie on stronger institutions, research outcomes deployed in the field and the development of the next generation of Nigerian researchers and industry professionals.
In his remarks, the Executive Secretary of the NCDMB, Engr. Felix Omatsola Ogbe said the US$9 million for the endowment programme represents a strategic investment in the future of Nigeria’s research and innovation ecosystem.
The initiative, he said, complements the Board’s ongoing investments in research infrastructure, including the establishment of specialized Research and Development (R&D) Centres of Excellence across six universities in the country.
He added that when taken together, these interventions demonstrate the Nigerian oil and gas industry’s commitment to creating an integrated research ecosystem that connects academic expertise, modern research infrastructure, industry requirements, and commercialisation opportunities.
Represented by his Senior Technical Adviser, Engr. Austin Uzoka, the Executive Secretary said by supporting specialised professorial chairs in critical areas of the industry operations, NLNG and NCDMB were creating opportunities to bridge the longstanding gap between academic research and industrial application.
He further charged the universities to deliberately transition from research for publication to research for application, and from innovation as an academic pursuit to innovation as a driver of industrial transformation.
“The beneficiary universities must see this endowment as both an opportunity and a responsibility and they would be expected to deliver clearly defined research objectives, measurable outcomes, prudent resource utilisation, effective stakeholder engagement, and sustained collaboration with industry partners.
“These Professorial chairs will generate commercially viable solutions, strengthen local technological capabilities, support industrial competitiveness, and contribute meaningfully to the long-term sustainability of Nigeria’s oil and gas industry”, he said.
The Tide reports that further details contained in the NCDMB’S Corporate Communications Division States that the University of Ibadan will focus on natural gas processing, pollution control and environmental management, while Rivers State University will concentrate on digital engineering, intelligent energy systems, automation and asset integrity.
Modibbo Adama University will undertake research in energy transition and the environment, while Aliko Dangote University of Science and Technology will focus on sustainable energy innovation and climate-resilient food systems.
In the same vein, the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, will specialise in green energy production and geoenvironmental engineering, while Yakubu Gowon University(formerly the University of Abuja) will focus on geoscience and satellite intelligence for resilient gas infrastructure.
Other terms contained in the endorsement document indicates that each of the beneficiary universities will work towards agreed research targets and commercialisation pathways, providing a framework for measuring progress and translating findings into practical applications.
The institutions, according to the Board will also jointly host an information management hub to support knowledge sharing and exchange programmes.

Ariwera Ibibo-Howells, Bayelsa

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‘NUJ, NPA’s Partnership Would Boost Port Producrivity, Economic Growth’

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The Chairman of Rivers State Council of the Nigeria Union of Journalists (NUJ), Comrade Paul Bazia, has said the proposed partnership between the union and the Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA), Rivers Port, would promote effective information dissemination, boost productivity and enhance economic growth.
Bazia gave the assurance during a courtesy visit by the leadership of the NUJ Rivers State Council to the management of NPA, Rivers Port, in Port Harcourt, within the week.
Comrade Bazia said the proposed collaboration was informed by the strategic importance of port operations to national economic development, particularly Rivers Port, which he described as the cradle of maritime operations in the Eastern Maritime Corridor.
He explained that current leadership of the union had, upon assumption of office, resolved to promote constructive and development-oriented journalism capable of improving the public perception of Rivers State and attracting investors.
Bazia said the visit was also intended to familiarise the union with the achievements and operational challenges of the port management, while identifying areas of collaboration that would enhance its efficiency and contribute to national economic growth.
According to him, Rivers Port occupies a significant position in the maritime industry and deserves adequate media attention to showcase its contributions to commerce, trade and the nation’s economy.
The NUJ chairman said the union was committed to changing the narrative through positive and balanced reportage, noting that effective media engagement would help project the activities of the port and attract the needed investment.
He further disclosed that the NUJ had correspondents covering different sectors of the economy, including the maritime industry, and was prepared to deploy specialised maritime reporters to the authority whenever the need arose.
Bazia urged the port management to sustain its relationship with the union by informing it of important developments, activities and programmes requiring media coverage, assuring that the NUJ would provide the necessary publicity.
In her response , the Port Manager of NPA, Rivers Port, Mrs Edith Okezie, described the NUJ as a critical partner in information dissemination and the promotion of national economic development.
Okezie highlighted some of the achievements recorded under her administration in the last three years, including the rehabilitation of internal roads within the port complex and measures taken to strengthen security around the facility.
She also disclosed that port’s water channels had been dredged to facilitate the smooth movement of vessels, while rehabilitation work was ongoing on some of the berths to improve operational efficiency and service delivery.
The port manager further noted that the Federal Government was currently undertaking rehabilitation of ports in the Western region, expressing optimism that the exercise would be extended to ports in the Eastern region. She thanked the NUJ delegation for the visit and welcomed the union’s readiness to collaborate with the authority.

King Onunwor

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