Opinion
New States Creation, A Priority
It was in the news recently that state creation may not be given the prime position it deserves in the ongoing constitution review or amendment at the National Assembly. The Thisday Newspaper report of Wednesday, August 19, 2009, quoted the Deputy Speaker, House of Representatives, Hon. Usman Bayero Nafada, to have said that the issue of state creation had been placed on “technical suspension”, as the House has chosen to concentrate on electoral reforms.
Much as I agree with the Hon. Deputy Speaker that the electoral reforms bill should be given expedited attention, which is even long over-due, it must be stated very clearly that non-creation of new states, especially in the South Eastern geo-political region, would amount to perpetuation of injustice and imbalance in our representative democracy. That would be totally unacceptable.
The hallmark of representative democracy, the sort that we propose to be practising in Nigeria is equality of all before the law; which by extension includes the need for equal representation, equal freedom and equal justice. The National Assembly, the highest and most important symbol of law making and people-based-sovereignty in this country is a product of the conglomeration of all elected representatives taken from existing states of the federation. Indeed, the claim to the Federation of Nigeria is on the basis of states coming together from different geopolitical zones; each representing many diverse units of socio-cultural interests.
As presently constituted, the National Assembly has two Chambers, or what is called a bicameral legislature, made up of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The Senate is a 109-seat body with three members from each state and one from the capital region of Abuja and members are elected by popular vote to four-year terms. On its part, the House of Representatives contains 360 seats and the number of seats per state is determined by population; a method which is open to political manipulation. But what stands out from the foregoing is that both the Senate and the House of Representatives derive their members from the number of the existing states of the Federation of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
As a carry-over from the military rule which incidentally ‘midwifed’ the promulgation of the present 1999 Constitution, the South Eastern geo-political region presently boasts of only five (States, while all others have six, and even seven states in a particular case. What that means automatically is a form of system based disadvantage in representation against the South East geo-political region. The impact of this has been negatively felt through 1999 till date in the quality of representation that has emerged from the National Assembly towards affairs in the South East.
Things that other geopolitical regions can lobby and achieve by sheer weight of their numbers, the South Eastern zone must kow-tow to the powers s that be, and compromise their positions before favourable hearing may be expected, if at all. Even in Federal appointments, it is very obvious that the South East is short-changed, mainly because names are submitted and selected on the basis of states of the Federation. Indeed, considered properly a reform of the electoral system, without the reform ( call it creation) of the imbalance in states representation, will be like a job done half way. The whole idea behind electoral reform is to guarantee that we run people-based democratic government, where the votes count and the elected representatives equally support a balance of power that instructed our peculiar sub-division into geo-political zones. That balance of power is part of what has sustained our r democracy till date.
Without redressing such political imbalance, as we now have, it means the South East geopolitical zone – would engage in the next nationwide elections knowing already that it will be under-represented at the National Assembly, at the Federal Executive Council, and even across Federal Boards of Corporations and Ministries. One always likes to desist from reading into this sort of situation the much talked about, or much known, marginalisation of the South East, for the simple reason that we should have over-grown such sentiments. But each time and everywhere one looks, it still seems as if the problem of rnarginalisation and orchestrated injustice against sections of this country is very much with us.
The worry is even aggravated when elected representatives, including even the Governors from the South East zone all adopt the ‘sidon-look’ attitude. Why would the Governors not come together and form a powerful lobby group to ensure that their geopolitical zone is not short-changed in such a fundamental and far-reaching manner? Why do they see problems that would have collateral damage and negative impact on their zones, and simply look the other way?
Before now, it was the manipulation of national census to the extent that the South East is now virtually the least populated in the country; and yet South Easterners to the knowledge of every Nigerian, thickly populate all corners of Nigeria. In the allocation of House of Representatives seats, and electoral constituencies, population is the main yardstick; and so it means that which ever zone has succeeded in piling up its numbers would automatically get more representative seats and constituencies. The highly commended posture of Lagos State, which instituted parallel head-count during the last controversial census simply proved how much of manipulation goes into juggling the figures after each head count. Lagos State eventually came out with figures that truly justify the influx of people into the State on daily basis. Today, the revenue base of Lagos State is the envy of even the Federal government.
The question then is for how long would the Governors of South Eastern States, and elected representatives sit and wait for an elusive help to come from outside the zone? How long would they helplessly lament the incident of marginalisation, while resolving, by their present inaction, to do nothing about the situation? Why would someone continue to participate in a game where the rules are programmed, ab initio, to work against him?
Irrespective of the position being taken by the National Assembly towards creation of more states, the South Easterners should rise up to show they have a special case. The issue is really not creation of state per se, but redressing an imbalance; which if not redressed would make nonsense of the outcome of the electoral reform. The South East should as a matter of national importance be given even representation by creation of at least one additional State. It is such a matter of importance to the political welfare of the South East that they should be ready and prepared to boycott future elections if this is not included in the on-going constitutional review.
Unegbe is a legal practitioner in Lagos.
Ikechukwu Unegbe
Opinion
Empowering Youth Through Agriculture
Quote:”While job seeking youths should continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries”.
The Governor of Rivers State, Sir Siminalayi Fubara, recently urged youths in the Rivers State to take advantage of the vast opportunities available to become employers of labour and contribute meaningfully to the growth and development of the State. Governor Fubara noted that global trends increasingly favour entrepreneurship and innovation, and said that youths in Rivers State must not be left behind in harnessing these opportunities. The Governor, represented by the Secretary to the State Government, Dr Benibo Anabraba, made this known while declaring open the 2026 Job Fair organised by the Rivers State Government in partnership with the Nigeria Employers’ Consultative Association (NECA) in Port Harcourt. The Governor acknowledged the responsibility of government to create jobs for its teeming youth population but noted that it is unrealistic to absorb all job seekers into the civil service.
“As a government, we recognise our duty to provide employment opportunities for our teeming youths. However, we also understand that not all youths can be accommodated within the civil service. This underscores the need to encourage entrepreneurship across diverse sectors and to partner with other stakeholders, including the youths themselves, so they can transition from being job seekers to employers of labour,” he said. It is necessary to State that Governor Fubara has not only stated the obvious but was committed to drive youth entrepreneurship towards their self-reliance and the economic development of the State It is not news that developed economies of the world are skilled driven economies. The private sector also remains the highest employer of labour in private sector driven or capitalist economy though it is also the responsibility of government to create job opportunities for the teeming unemployed youth population in Nigeria which has the highest youth unemployed population in the subSahara Africa.
The lack of job opportunities, caused partly by the Federal Government’s apathy to job creation, the lack of adequate supervision of job opportunities economic programmes, lack of employable skills by many youths in the country have conspired to heighten the attendant challenges of unemployment. The challenges which include, “Japa” syndrome (travelling abroad for greener pastures), that characterises the labour market and poses threat to the nation’s critical sector, especially the health and medical sector; astronomical increase in the crime rate and a loss of interest in education. While job seeking youths should continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries.
While commending the Rivers State Government led by the People First Governor, Sir Siminilayi Fubara for initiating “various training and capacity-building programmes in areas such as ICT and artificial intelligence, oil and gas, maritime, and the blue economy, among others”, it is note-worthy that the labour market is dynamic and shaped by industry-specific demands, technological advancements, management practices and other emerging factors. So another sector the Federal, State and Local Governments should encourage youths to explore and harness the abounding potentials, in my considered view, is Agriculture. Agriculture remains a veritable solution to hunger, inflation, and food Insecurity that ravages the country. No doubt, the Nigeria’s arable landmass is grossly under-utilised and under-exploited.
In recent times, Nigerians have voiced their concerns about the persistent challenges of hunger, inflation, and the general increase in prices of goods and commodities. These issues not only affect the livelihoods of individuals and families but also pose significant threats to food security and economic stability in the country. The United Nations estimated that more than 25 million people in Nigeria could face food insecurity this year—a 47% increase from the 17 million people already at risk of going hungry, mainly due to ongoing insecurity, protracted conflicts, and rising food prices. An estimated two million children under five are likely to be pushed into acute malnutrition. (Reliefweb ,2023). In response, Nigeria declared a state of emergency on food insecurity, recognizing the urgent need to tackle food shortages, stabilize rising prices, and protect farmers facing violence from armed groups. However, without addressing the insecurity challenges, farmers will continue to struggle to feed their families and boost food production.
In addition, parts of northwest and northeast Nigeria have experienced changes in rainfall patterns making less water available for crop production. These climate change events have resulted in droughts and land degradations; presenting challenges for local communities and leading to significant impact on food security. In light of these daunting challenges, it is imperative to address the intricate interplay between insecurity and agricultural productivity. Nigeria can work toward ensuring food security, reducing poverty, and fostering sustainable economic growth in its vital agricultural sector. In this article, I suggest solutions that could enhance agricultural production and ensure that every state scales its agricultural production to a level where it can cater to 60% of the population.
This is feasible and achievable if government at all levels are intentional driving the development of the agricultural sector which was the major economic mainstay of the Country before the crude oil was struck in commercial quantity and consequently became the nation’s monolithic revenue source. Government should revive the moribund Graduate Farmers Scheme and the Rivers State School-to-Land agricultural programmes to operate concurrently with other skills acquisition and development programmes. There should be a consideration for investment in mechanized farming and arable land allocation. State and local governments should play a pivotal role in promoting mechanized farming and providing arable land for farming in communities. Additionally, allocating arable land enables small holder farmers to expand their operations and contribute to food security at the grassroots level.
Nigeria can unlock the potential of its agricultural sector to address the pressing needs of its population and achieve sustainable development. Policymakers and stakeholders must heed Akande’s recommendations and take decisive action to ensure a food-secure future for all Nigerians.
By: Igbiki Benibo
Opinion
Of Protests And Need For Dialogue
Quote:“.Across Abuja, Anambra, and Lagos, a common thread emerges: a disconnect between authority and empathy. Government actions may follow policy logic, but citizens respond from lived experience, fear, and frustration. When these realities collide without dialogue, the streets become the arena of engagement”
It was a turbulent week in the country, highlighting the widening gap between government intentions and public perception. From Abuja to Anambra and Lagos, citizens poured into the streets not just over specific grievances but in frustration with governance that often appears heavy-handed, confrontational, or insufficiently humane. While authorities may genuinely act in the public interest, their methods sometimes aggravate tensions rather than resolve them.
In Abuja, the strike by workers of the Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA) and the Federal Capital Development Authority (FCDA) under the Joint Union Action Committee (JUAC) brought the capital to a near standstill. Their demands included five months’ unpaid wages, hazard and rural allowances, promotion arrears, welfare packages, pension and National Housing Fund remittances, and training and career progression concerns. These are core labour issues that directly affect workers’ dignity and livelihoods. Efforts to dialogue with the FCT Minister reportedly failed. Even after a court ordered the strike to end, workers persisted, underscoring the depth of discontent. Threats and sanctions only hardened positions.
The FCT crisis shows that industrial peace cannot be enforced through coercion. Dialogue is not weakness; it is recognition that governance is about people. Meeting labour leaders, listening attentively, clarifying grey areas, and agreeing on timelines could restore trust. Honesty and negotiation are far more effective than threats.
In Anambra, protests by Onitsha Main Market traders followed the government’s closure of the market over continued observance of a Monday sit-at-home, linked to separatist agitation. Governor Chukwuma Soludo described compliance as economic sabotage, insisting Anambra cannot operate as a “four-day-a-week economy.” While the governor’s concern is understandable, threats to revoke ownership, seize, or demolish the market risk escalating tensions. Many traders comply out of fear, not ideology. Markets are social ecosystems of families, apprentices, and informal networks; heavy-handed enforcement may worsen resistance. A better approach combines persuasion, dialogue with market leaders, credible security assurances, and gradual confidence-building. Coordinated political engagement with federal authorities could also reduce regional tensions.
In Lagos, protests erupted over demolition of homes in low-income waterfront communities such as Makoko, Owode Onirin, and Oworonshoki. The state defended these actions as necessary for safety, environmental protection, and urban renewal. While objectives are legitimate, demolitions drew criticism for lack of notice, compensation, and humane resettlement. Urban development without regard for human consequences risks appearing elitist and anti-poor. Where demolitions are unavoidable, transparent engagement, fair compensation, and realistic relocation must precede action to maintain public trust and social stability.
Across Abuja, Anambra, and Lagos, a common thread emerges: a disconnect between authority and empathy. Government actions may follow policy logic, but citizens respond from lived experience, fear, and frustration. When these realities collide without dialogue, the streets become the arena of engagement.
Democracy cannot thrive on decrees, threats, or bulldozers alone. Leaders must listen as much as they command, persuade as much as they enforce. Minister Wike should see labour leaders as partners, Governor Soludo must balance firmness with sensitivity, and Lagos authorities should align urban renewal with compassion and justice. Protests are signals of communication failure. Dialogue, caution, and a human face in governance are not optional—they are necessities. Police and security agencies must respect peaceful protest as a constitutional right.
By: Calista Ezeaku
Opinion
Empowering Youth Through Agriculture
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