Opinion
Transforming Nigeria’s Health Sector
Where does one start analysing the recent claim by the Coordinating Minister of Health and Social Welfare, Prof. Muhammad Ali Pate, that Nigeria is becoming a hub for quality health care and a destination choice for patients from the West African subregion and other parts of the world? Is it from the fact that as at the time he was making the statement on Tuesday, the number one citizen of the country, President Bola Tinubu was almost ready for a private visit, (believed by many to be health check related) to Paris, France the following day? Or, that the minister did not explain what he meant by “quality healthcare” nor did he tell the State House correspondents the number of patients that come to Nigeria from the USA and the UK for treatment and why.
Are they Nigerians in the diaspora visiting Nigeria and receiving treatment? Do the so-called people from all over the world come to Nigeria for medical treatment because Nigeria offers the best medical care better than anywhere in the world? No doubt, there may be some people who visit hospitals in Nigeria, maybe for fertility treatment due to certain restrictions in the countries they reside, who come to consult some particular health experts or those that find the treatment of certain ailments cheaper in Nigeria. There also exist some specialised hospitals in the country, particularly in Lagos and Abuja, who do attract patients from neighbouring West African countries for treatments in such areas as organ transplants, cardiology, fertility treatments, and advanced surgeries. But on a global scale, can Nigeria be regarded as a top destination for medical tourism? How did the minister arrive at that
And talking of quality healthcare, as earlier stated, it would have been nice if the Minister had given us the indices he used to arrive at his assertion and his own meaning of quality healthcare. Experts have defined quality healthcare as medical services that are effective, safe, timely, patient-centred, equitable, and efficient. It ensures that patients receive the right care at the right time, leading to better health outcomes. This means that, for healthcare to be considered quality, the treatments and interventions should be based on scientific evidence and best practices to improve patient health; it should minimise risks, errors, and harm to patients; patients should receive care without unnecessary delays; it should respect and respond to individual patient needs, values, and preferences; it should be accessible to all, regardless of socio-economic status, race, gender, or geographic location.
Above all, it should be efficient – resources should be used wisely to avoid waste and keep healthcare costs manageable. Are these the case in Nigeria? It is no hidden fact that many hospitals and clinics in the country, especially the public hospitals lack basic amenities like clean water, stable electricity, and modern medical equipment. Rural areas suffer from a lack of healthcare facilities, forcing patients to travel long distances for medical attention. Many doctors, nurses, and other medical workers migrate abroad (japa syndrome) due to low wages and poor working conditions. The doctor-to-patient ratio is far below the WHO recommendation. Not once have we seen a doctor dozing off while consulting patients due to fatigue and heavy workload. All the doctors’ strike actions for these reasons have not brought about a significant change.
How easily do patients receive medical attention in our hospitals and clinics? In most government hospitals, patients spend almost a full day or more to see a doctor. When the doctor is a consultant, the waiting period will definitely be longer. And how affordable are the treatments and the drugs? The National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) was established in 1999 in response to increased out-of-pocket payments and the call for a movement towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Since the scheme started its operations in 2005, how many people have enrolled in the programme? The current Minister for Education, Dr. Tunji Alausa, while serving as the Minister of State for Health in May 2024 said that the government had allocated dedicated funds and initiated collaborations to enhance primary healthcare services and expand health insurance coverage and that the president had mandated them to increase coverage from about seven million then to about 50 million people.
Today, records show that only a small percentage of the citizens are still covered by the scheme. According to a report by the Journal of Global Health Economic and Policy, less than 5 percent of Nigerians are enrolled in NHIS, while 70 percent still rely on out-of-pocket payments, making healthcare unaffordable for the poor The challenge of poor drug regulation, counterfeit medicine, inadequate funding, poor emergency response, inconsistent government policies and corruption, poor sanitation and hygiene are yet to be dealt with. How then do we have quality healthcare in Nigeria? What about the careless and nasty attitude of healthcare providers towards the patients. Many Nigerians are left with permanent scars and disabilities due to the negligence of so-called healthcare experts who treated them.
Sure, medical negligence is not peculiar to Nigeria but it has become a constant occurrence in our health facilities and must be looked into by the Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria, the Nigeria Medical Association and other relevant authorities. To take the nation’s healthcare system to the desired eldorado, a combination of policy reforms, increased funding, infrastructure development, workforce enhancement, attitudinal change among the healthcare providers and reduction of corruption in the health sector is necessary. Pate on Tuesday revealed that federal government has approved the sum of N12 billion for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, an advanced diagnostic equipment, across six tertiary health institutions in addition to Nigeria’s ratification of the African Medicines Agency (AMA) Treaty, which aims to harmonise medical regulatory standards across the continent.
That is a commendable step by the government if only the government will ensure that the money when released will be used for the stated aim and the right equipment purchased and regularly maintained. It is also important that the government allocates at least 15 percent of the national budget to health, as recommended by the Abuja Declaration. They should explore public-private partnerships (PPPs) to attract investments in healthcare infrastructure. There is also the need to upgrade and equip existing hospitals with modern medical technology, establish more primary healthcare centers (PHCs), especially in rural areas and invest in digital health solutions such as telemedicine to improve access. The issue of shortage of healthcare workers must be addressed through improved salaries, benefits, and working conditions.
Incentives (such as scholarships, housing, and career growth opportunities) should be regularly offered to retain healthcare professionals. Other important measures to be taken include expansion of the NHIS to cover more citizens, including the informal sector; introduce community-based health insurance programmes to increase access to affordable healthcare; the government, both federal and states, should subsidise low-income families to reduce out-of-pocket expenses.The authorities should strengthen immunisation programmes to prevent disease outbreaks and promote health education campaigns on sanitation, hygiene and healthy lifestyles. The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) should be empowered to monitor and regulate pharmaceutical products more effectively, while the law enforcement agencies should do more in the area of enforcing stricter penalties for drug counterfeiters.
Implement technology-driven tracking systems to detect and remove fake drugs from circulation.The government should also increase funding for medical research and encourage local drug production. Partnership with universities and research institutions to develop innovative health solutions will certainly be productive. Government should also consider supporting the development of traditional medicine through scientific validation. As Africans, many Nigerians in the diaspora believe in the potency of herbs. A story was recently told of how some Nigerians make money by sending herbal medicine to Nigerians abroad. So, developing and properly regulating this sector might be the major attracter of patients. To have people come from all over the world to Nigeria, with the assurance that they will get the best of medical care here is the wish of many Nigerians.
Maybe that will reduce the president’s trip to France and save the nation some money. But achieving that goes beyond rhetorics or making political statements. Let there be more actions than words
Calista Ezeaku
Opinion
Empowering Youth Through Agriculture
Quote:”While job seeking youths should continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries”.
The Governor of Rivers State, Sir Siminalayi Fubara, recently urged youths in the Rivers State to take advantage of the vast opportunities available to become employers of labour and contribute meaningfully to the growth and development of the State. Governor Fubara noted that global trends increasingly favour entrepreneurship and innovation, and said that youths in Rivers State must not be left behind in harnessing these opportunities. The Governor, represented by the Secretary to the State Government, Dr Benibo Anabraba, made this known while declaring open the 2026 Job Fair organised by the Rivers State Government in partnership with the Nigeria Employers’ Consultative Association (NECA) in Port Harcourt. The Governor acknowledged the responsibility of government to create jobs for its teeming youth population but noted that it is unrealistic to absorb all job seekers into the civil service.
“As a government, we recognise our duty to provide employment opportunities for our teeming youths. However, we also understand that not all youths can be accommodated within the civil service. This underscores the need to encourage entrepreneurship across diverse sectors and to partner with other stakeholders, including the youths themselves, so they can transition from being job seekers to employers of labour,” he said. It is necessary to State that Governor Fubara has not only stated the obvious but was committed to drive youth entrepreneurship towards their self-reliance and the economic development of the State It is not news that developed economies of the world are skilled driven economies. The private sector also remains the highest employer of labour in private sector driven or capitalist economy though it is also the responsibility of government to create job opportunities for the teeming unemployed youth population in Nigeria which has the highest youth unemployed population in the subSahara Africa.
The lack of job opportunities, caused partly by the Federal Government’s apathy to job creation, the lack of adequate supervision of job opportunities economic programmes, lack of employable skills by many youths in the country have conspired to heighten the attendant challenges of unemployment. The challenges which include, “Japa” syndrome (travelling abroad for greener pastures), that characterises the labour market and poses threat to the nation’s critical sector, especially the health and medical sector; astronomical increase in the crime rate and a loss of interest in education. While job seeking youths should continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries.
While commending the Rivers State Government led by the People First Governor, Sir Siminilayi Fubara for initiating “various training and capacity-building programmes in areas such as ICT and artificial intelligence, oil and gas, maritime, and the blue economy, among others”, it is note-worthy that the labour market is dynamic and shaped by industry-specific demands, technological advancements, management practices and other emerging factors. So another sector the Federal, State and Local Governments should encourage youths to explore and harness the abounding potentials, in my considered view, is Agriculture. Agriculture remains a veritable solution to hunger, inflation, and food Insecurity that ravages the country. No doubt, the Nigeria’s arable landmass is grossly under-utilised and under-exploited.
In recent times, Nigerians have voiced their concerns about the persistent challenges of hunger, inflation, and the general increase in prices of goods and commodities. These issues not only affect the livelihoods of individuals and families but also pose significant threats to food security and economic stability in the country. The United Nations estimated that more than 25 million people in Nigeria could face food insecurity this year—a 47% increase from the 17 million people already at risk of going hungry, mainly due to ongoing insecurity, protracted conflicts, and rising food prices. An estimated two million children under five are likely to be pushed into acute malnutrition. (Reliefweb ,2023). In response, Nigeria declared a state of emergency on food insecurity, recognizing the urgent need to tackle food shortages, stabilize rising prices, and protect farmers facing violence from armed groups. However, without addressing the insecurity challenges, farmers will continue to struggle to feed their families and boost food production.
In addition, parts of northwest and northeast Nigeria have experienced changes in rainfall patterns making less water available for crop production. These climate change events have resulted in droughts and land degradations; presenting challenges for local communities and leading to significant impact on food security. In light of these daunting challenges, it is imperative to address the intricate interplay between insecurity and agricultural productivity. Nigeria can work toward ensuring food security, reducing poverty, and fostering sustainable economic growth in its vital agricultural sector. In this article, I suggest solutions that could enhance agricultural production and ensure that every state scales its agricultural production to a level where it can cater to 60% of the population.
This is feasible and achievable if government at all levels are intentional driving the development of the agricultural sector which was the major economic mainstay of the Country before the crude oil was struck in commercial quantity and consequently became the nation’s monolithic revenue source. Government should revive the moribund Graduate Farmers Scheme and the Rivers State School-to-Land agricultural programmes to operate concurrently with other skills acquisition and development programmes. There should be a consideration for investment in mechanized farming and arable land allocation. State and local governments should play a pivotal role in promoting mechanized farming and providing arable land for farming in communities. Additionally, allocating arable land enables small holder farmers to expand their operations and contribute to food security at the grassroots level.
Nigeria can unlock the potential of its agricultural sector to address the pressing needs of its population and achieve sustainable development. Policymakers and stakeholders must heed Akande’s recommendations and take decisive action to ensure a food-secure future for all Nigerians.
By: Igbiki Benibo
Opinion
Of Protests And Need For Dialogue
Quote:“.Across Abuja, Anambra, and Lagos, a common thread emerges: a disconnect between authority and empathy. Government actions may follow policy logic, but citizens respond from lived experience, fear, and frustration. When these realities collide without dialogue, the streets become the arena of engagement”
It was a turbulent week in the country, highlighting the widening gap between government intentions and public perception. From Abuja to Anambra and Lagos, citizens poured into the streets not just over specific grievances but in frustration with governance that often appears heavy-handed, confrontational, or insufficiently humane. While authorities may genuinely act in the public interest, their methods sometimes aggravate tensions rather than resolve them.
In Abuja, the strike by workers of the Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA) and the Federal Capital Development Authority (FCDA) under the Joint Union Action Committee (JUAC) brought the capital to a near standstill. Their demands included five months’ unpaid wages, hazard and rural allowances, promotion arrears, welfare packages, pension and National Housing Fund remittances, and training and career progression concerns. These are core labour issues that directly affect workers’ dignity and livelihoods. Efforts to dialogue with the FCT Minister reportedly failed. Even after a court ordered the strike to end, workers persisted, underscoring the depth of discontent. Threats and sanctions only hardened positions.
The FCT crisis shows that industrial peace cannot be enforced through coercion. Dialogue is not weakness; it is recognition that governance is about people. Meeting labour leaders, listening attentively, clarifying grey areas, and agreeing on timelines could restore trust. Honesty and negotiation are far more effective than threats.
In Anambra, protests by Onitsha Main Market traders followed the government’s closure of the market over continued observance of a Monday sit-at-home, linked to separatist agitation. Governor Chukwuma Soludo described compliance as economic sabotage, insisting Anambra cannot operate as a “four-day-a-week economy.” While the governor’s concern is understandable, threats to revoke ownership, seize, or demolish the market risk escalating tensions. Many traders comply out of fear, not ideology. Markets are social ecosystems of families, apprentices, and informal networks; heavy-handed enforcement may worsen resistance. A better approach combines persuasion, dialogue with market leaders, credible security assurances, and gradual confidence-building. Coordinated political engagement with federal authorities could also reduce regional tensions.
In Lagos, protests erupted over demolition of homes in low-income waterfront communities such as Makoko, Owode Onirin, and Oworonshoki. The state defended these actions as necessary for safety, environmental protection, and urban renewal. While objectives are legitimate, demolitions drew criticism for lack of notice, compensation, and humane resettlement. Urban development without regard for human consequences risks appearing elitist and anti-poor. Where demolitions are unavoidable, transparent engagement, fair compensation, and realistic relocation must precede action to maintain public trust and social stability.
Across Abuja, Anambra, and Lagos, a common thread emerges: a disconnect between authority and empathy. Government actions may follow policy logic, but citizens respond from lived experience, fear, and frustration. When these realities collide without dialogue, the streets become the arena of engagement.
Democracy cannot thrive on decrees, threats, or bulldozers alone. Leaders must listen as much as they command, persuade as much as they enforce. Minister Wike should see labour leaders as partners, Governor Soludo must balance firmness with sensitivity, and Lagos authorities should align urban renewal with compassion and justice. Protests are signals of communication failure. Dialogue, caution, and a human face in governance are not optional—they are necessities. Police and security agencies must respect peaceful protest as a constitutional right.
By: Calista Ezeaku
Opinion
Empowering Youth Through Agriculture
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