Opinion
Mrs Amaechi And Women Empowerment
Women have a major role to play in the promotion of national development especially in the rural communities. As the focus of the family and as homemakers and cultivators, their contributions to the survival and progress of our society are tremendous.
It is in the light of this that many people have viewed the initiative of the wife of the Rivers State governor, Mrs. Dame Judith Amaechi to empower the women and youths of the state by equipping them for modern farming with interest.
As stated by the First lady and founder of Empowerment Support Initiative (ESD): “we have acquired about 60 plots of land to enable us begin training of our women and youths in modern farming skills and technology and these lands will have a demonstration farm and modern farm facility including green houses to enable us have higher yields”. By the initiative, plans have already been made for over 2,500 women to benefit from the first phase of the project.
If this initiative is well planned, co-ordinated, and executed, it will achieve several developmental objectives for the state. As indicated by the governor’s wife, the programme will provide gainful empowerment and employment for women and youths. But significantly, the scheme will educe modernisation in our agricultural practice which will bring about an increase in productive power and changes in the attitudes of our women and youths, replacing a sense of dependence on the natural envrioment. It will thus establish an economic base for the women and youths and generate progressively higher levels of output and living for the state.
Besides, the programme will narrow the gap between the opportunities of rural women and youths on one hand, and those of the employed and well-to-do urban population on the other hand.
So before the training programme for the scheme kicks off in the next few weeks, the scope of the entire project should be expanded to include some other vital areas of agricultural activities in the state. Such areas include cassava processing, grass cutter farming, snail farming, fish farming, processing, and preservation, periwenkle farming, and new methods of growing maize and other crops. Others are goat milking, rabbit rearing, turkey farming, chicks hatching, and production of table birds (broilers).
Though the state is very well endowed with several streams, creeks, ponds, wildlife, arable land and friendly climate for agricultural production, adequate attention has not been directed, especially in recent times, to food production and processing. Even with cassava that is in reasonable supply in the state, no concerted effort has been made to process it industrially. Over the years, the production of garri from cassava has been done traditionally by women and their children or youths in their homes.
The traditional method of garri production is time consuming, unhygienic, and on a small scale. Therefore, it can not produce enough garri to feed the teeming population of those who eat it as their staple food.
The scheme should therefore include in its programme, training of women on industrial garri production to upgrade the village method to a modern one which covers peeling and grating of cassava tubers, de-watering, toasting, sieving and packaging. In the industrial garri production, the whole process is automated.
Fish farming is another agricultural activity that can easily empower the women and youths. It is a lucrative business which can be practised in marine, brackish or fresh water, and apart from ponds, tanks and reservoirs can be used for the venture. Since it can be practised on a small, medium or large-scale level, women can quite easily fit the business into their financial capacity and managerial ability.
Certainly, if many women and youths are trained in fish farming, more employment opportunities will be created for the rural and even urban dwellers, their incomes will increase and diet will improve.
For the women and youths in the riverine areas, training them on periwinkle farming will also be a welcome development. Though periwinkles are abundant in the brackish water mangrove belt of the Niger Delta, women and youths harvest them by hand-picking during low water.
Periwinkle farming is another lucrative venture that will empower our women and children. Considering that it is nutritionally richer than fish or meat, its demand and consumption are increasing steadily and rapidly.
But for Mrs. Amaechi to succeed in this laudable programme, she must take certain critical factors about the state’s rural communities and people into consideration. The foremost one is that the illiteracy rate among the women is very high. The type of training to be given to them should therefore be well thought out.
It should also be noted that the very nature of the process of women and youth empowerment require that action be taken on several fronts simultaneously and not independently of each other.
This implies that the programmes of agriculture, education, and training, health and nutrition, rural electrification, co-operatives, water supply and road construction should be integrated and delivered as a package and not planned and implemented each in isolation.
Worse still, it is difficult to assess the desire or willingness of the women and youths to grow with the programme in the long run. Why? Because, in the past, beneficiaries of similar programmes have perceived them as other ways of taking their own share of the national cake. And the initiators of such programmes had, often, created them to fulfill dramatic short term needs, expectations, and promises.
Mrs. Amaechi’s efforts of empowering the women and youths of the state should therefore not be seem by the beneficiaries as an action to simply support them or make them dependent on the generosity of government; it should be seen as an action to give them a chance of developing the skills and talents that will help them become self-reliant and serve as dependable force for the modernisation of the agricultural sector in the state.
From all indications, Nigeria possesses enough human and material resources to become a true economic powerhouse in Africa. According to the National Population Commission (NPC, 2023), the country’s population has grown steadily within the last decade, presently standing at about 220 million people—mostly young, vibrant, and innovative. Nigeria also remains the sixth-largest oil producer in the world, with enormous reserves of gas, fertile agricultural land, and human capital.
Yet, despite this enormous potential, the country continues to grapple with underdevelopment, poverty, unemployment, and insecurity. Recent data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS, 2023) show that about 129 million Nigerians currently live below the poverty line. Most families can no longer afford basic necessities, even as the government continues to project a rosy economic picture.
The Subsidy Question
The removal of fuel subsidy in 2023 by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu has been one of the most controversial policy decisions in Nigeria’s recent history. According to the president, subsidy removal was designed to reduce fiscal burden, unify the foreign exchange rate, attract investment, curb inflation, and discourage excessive government borrowing.
While these objectives are theoretically sound, the reality for ordinary Nigerians has been severe hardship. Fuel prices more than tripled, transportation costs surged, and food inflation—already high—rose above 30% (NBS, 2023). The World Bank (2023) estimates that an additional 7.1 million Nigerians were pushed into poverty after subsidy removal.
A Critical Economic View
As an economist, I argue that the problem was not subsidy removal itself—which was inevitable—but the timing, sequencing, and structural gaps in Nigeria’s implementation.
- Structural Miscalculation
Nigeria’s four state-owned refineries remain nonfunctional. By removing subsidies without local refining capacity, the government exposed the economy to import-price pass-through effects—where global oil price shocks translate directly into domestic inflation. This was not just a timing issue but a fundamental policy miscalculation.
- Neglect of Social Safety Nets
Countries like Indonesia (2005) and Ghana (2005) removed subsidies successfully only after introducing cash transfers, transport vouchers, and food subsidies for the poor (World Bank, 2005). Nigeria, however, implemented removal abruptly, shifting the fiscal burden directly onto households without protection.
- Failure to Secure Food and Energy Alternatives
Fuel subsidy removal amplified existing weaknesses in agriculture and energy. Instead of sequencing reforms, government left Nigerians without refinery capacity, renewable energy alternatives, or mechanized agricultural productivity—all of which could have cushioned the shock.
Political and Public Concerns
Prominent leaders have echoed these concerns. Mr. Peter Obi, the Labour Party’s 2023 presidential candidate, described the subsidy removal as “good but wrongly timed.” Atiku Abubakar of the People’s Democratic Party also faulted the government’s hasty approach. Human rights activists like Obodoekwe Stive stressed that refineries should have been made functional first, to reduce the suffering of citizens.
This is not just political rhetoric—it reflects a widespread economic reality. When inflation climbs above 30%, when purchasing power collapses, and when households cannot meet basic needs, the promise of reform becomes overshadowed by social pain.
Broader Implications
The consequences of this policy are multidimensional:
- Inflationary Pressures – Food inflation above 30% has made nutrition unaffordable for many households.
- Rising Poverty – 7.1 million Nigerians have been newly pushed into poverty (World Bank, 2023).
- Middle-Class Erosion – Rising transport, rent, and healthcare costs are squeezing household incomes.
- Debt Concerns – Despite promises, government borrowing has continued, raising sustainability questions.
- Public Distrust – When government promises savings but citizens feel only pain, trust in leadership erodes.
In effect, subsidy removal without structural readiness has widened inequality and eroded social stability.
Missed Opportunities
Nigeria’s leaders had the chance to approach subsidy removal differently:
- Refinery Rehabilitation – Ensuring local refining to reduce exposure to global oil price shocks.
- Renewable Energy Investment – Diversifying energy through solar, hydro, and wind to reduce reliance on imported petroleum.
- Agricultural Productivity – Mechanization, irrigation, and smallholder financing could have boosted food supply and stabilized prices.
- Social Safety Nets – Conditional cash transfers, food vouchers, and transport subsidies could have protected the most vulnerable.
Instead, reform came abruptly, leaving citizens to absorb all the pain while waiting for theoretical long-term benefits.
Conclusion: Reform With a Human Face
Fuel subsidy removal was inevitable, but Nigeria’s approach has worsened hardship for millions. True reform must go beyond fiscal savings to protect citizens.
Economic policy is not judged only by its efficiency but by its humanity. A well-sequenced reform could have balanced fiscal responsibility with equity, ensuring that ordinary Nigerians were not crushed under the weight of sudden change.
Nigeria has the resources, population, and resilience to lead Africa’s economy. But leadership requires foresight. It requires policies that are inclusive, humane, and strategically sequenced.
Reform without equity is displacement of poverty, not development. If Nigeria truly seeks progress, its policies must wear a human face.
References
- National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). (2023). Poverty and Inequality Report. Abuja.
- National Population Commission (NPC). (2023). Population Estimates. Abuja.
- World Bank. (2023). Nigeria Development Update. Washington, DC.
- World Bank. (2005). Fuel Subsidy Reforms: Lessons from Indonesia and Ghana. Washington, DC.
- OPEC. (2023). Annual Statistical Bulletin. Vienna.
By: Amarachi Amaugo
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