Opinion
Building Technical Manpower In Nigeria
Science and technology are very important to the development of any nation or state. We are all aware of the urgent need for Nigeria’s economic development and the role states need to play. Without education and science and technology, this cannot be achieved.
It is for this reason that the founding fathers of Rivers State had the wisdom of establishing institutions like the University of Science and Technology, the Bori Polytechnic, the College of Arts and Science now Elechi Amadi Polytechnic, the Government Vocational Trade Centres and the Government Craft Centre.
The establishment of the institutions was aimed at bridging the gap and providing a rare opportunity to our children for self-actualisation through deep interest in science and technology, skills and trades. Those who work hard and make the best use of the opportunity become a blessing not only to their parents but also indeed the nation.
Also, the vocational trade centres were established in parts of the state to serve as stepping stone to greater achievement in the tertiary institutions. Those who passed out in the 1997s and 80s can give good account of themselves as some immediately secured jobs on completion of their studies.
In a determined effort to develop or transfer technology in this country, the Federal Government embarked on various projects to ensure that the nation grew technologically. Subsequently, both federal and state governments established at least a college of technology/polytechnic in every state for the training of both intermediate and high level manpower.
The National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) was established by Decree No.9 of 1977 to coordinate all aspects of technical and vocational education not in the university curriculum. The NBTE is also responsible for the institutional development and funding of federal polytechnics.
In addition, seven new universities of technology were established with the primary aim of training high level personnel in technological fields.
At the low level, the government established vocational and technical colleges to train individuals who possess the first school leaving certificate as well as many research institutes in the quest for technological advancement.
Six colleges of education (technical) were also added to the earlier two at Yaba and Gombe to train technological teachers for the nation’s secondary schools, all being visible and commendable efforts directed at the production of manpower for the technological development of the nation.
In spite of these sustained efforts since independence, Nigeria remains a technologically undeveloped nation. The technological under-development of the country is traceable to among others inadequate supply of technological manpower, but more importantly to the extent of the utilisation of those produced by the various efforts by governments.
Numerous factors are responsible for the inadequacies of technological manpower in this country. This include poor quality human resources input into technological education, lack of proper training caused by inadequate and irrelevant infrastructure leading to technical labour employers’ disdain for technical school graduates. The unattractiveness of the technological occupations arising from the unenviable structure of economic incentives, the slow growth of the economy which promotes unemployment and the lack of labour market information. Others are the absence of needed support for technological manpower towards self-employment and the irrelevant vocational offerings resulting in the production of technological manpower not needed by the economy including lack of adequate power supply.
It is an incontrovertible fact that in this country, most people go into technological education as a last resort because they have failed to gain admission to study other causes. The quality of students in the technology-based programmes are usually low. This goes to confirm the computer slang which says “garbage-in-garbage-out”. Aghenta (1985) puts it more graphically when he said that vocational and technical education has not been very popular with students and as a result, most of the peak brains do not compete for places in the vocational schools.
For this reason, employers know this and in most cases prefer not to use them on graduation because they are half-baked. They rather resort to an alternative means of raising their own technical personnel or engage expatriate technicians.
Besides the problem of low quality input, it has been understood that the quality of our technical and vocational school graduates may be unsuitable for many employers who may not want to take on the responsibility of in-plant training. In most cases, there is quality deficiency in the status of training materials or equipment and other facilities in our institutions. In most of our technical and vocational institutions, the workshop facilities are out-dated without replacement.
So the students are thought only theory without practicals. They lack industrial expose. Calloaway (1964) forcefully deserved that vocational and technical training in Nigeria was too theoretical, emphasizing the danger in the purely classroom approach to vocational and technology education in Nigeria. He said “entrepreneurs are not created by years of unbroken schooling, their training around are not classrooms but at the markets and workshops”.
The problem with Nigeria is that the training of vocational and technical students is not tailored towards industrial base and the training system lacks concern for the whole social infrastructure of our society. The engineering programme of the country is also affected. So, it has become obvious that this problem of half-baked training must be changed considerably. No profit-making industrial outfit would want to absorb mediocre.
There must be a government machinery to place school leavers in jobs while employers of labour a participate in the organisation of the vocational and technical schools to improve the capacity of employability of the graduates of such schools. The country needs various technological manpower, especially now that there is economic downturn and other associated variables.
There are many trained personnel not being utilised for technological and economic development and this makes it necessary to call for a “new vocationalism” and what is referred to as “integrative vocationalism”, a vocational education which is properly integrated with entrepreneurial skills so that an unemployed technological individual will be in a position to key into and contribute to the technological development of this nation.
No doubt, vocational and technical manpower is a sine qua non for the technological development of this nation.
Shedie Okpara
Opinion
Empowering Youth Through Agriculture
Quote:”While job seeking youths should continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries”.
The Governor of Rivers State, Sir Siminalayi Fubara, recently urged youths in the Rivers State to take advantage of the vast opportunities available to become employers of labour and contribute meaningfully to the growth and development of the State. Governor Fubara noted that global trends increasingly favour entrepreneurship and innovation, and said that youths in Rivers State must not be left behind in harnessing these opportunities. The Governor, represented by the Secretary to the State Government, Dr Benibo Anabraba, made this known while declaring open the 2026 Job Fair organised by the Rivers State Government in partnership with the Nigeria Employers’ Consultative Association (NECA) in Port Harcourt. The Governor acknowledged the responsibility of government to create jobs for its teeming youth population but noted that it is unrealistic to absorb all job seekers into the civil service.
“As a government, we recognise our duty to provide employment opportunities for our teeming youths. However, we also understand that not all youths can be accommodated within the civil service. This underscores the need to encourage entrepreneurship across diverse sectors and to partner with other stakeholders, including the youths themselves, so they can transition from being job seekers to employers of labour,” he said. It is necessary to State that Governor Fubara has not only stated the obvious but was committed to drive youth entrepreneurship towards their self-reliance and the economic development of the State It is not news that developed economies of the world are skilled driven economies. The private sector also remains the highest employer of labour in private sector driven or capitalist economy though it is also the responsibility of government to create job opportunities for the teeming unemployed youth population in Nigeria which has the highest youth unemployed population in the subSahara Africa.
The lack of job opportunities, caused partly by the Federal Government’s apathy to job creation, the lack of adequate supervision of job opportunities economic programmes, lack of employable skills by many youths in the country have conspired to heighten the attendant challenges of unemployment. The challenges which include, “Japa” syndrome (travelling abroad for greener pastures), that characterises the labour market and poses threat to the nation’s critical sector, especially the health and medical sector; astronomical increase in the crime rate and a loss of interest in education. While job seeking youths should continuously acquire skills and explore opportunities within their immediate environment as well as in the global space through the use of digital platforms, government, corporate/ multinational organizations or the organised private sector should generate skills and provide the enabling environment for skills acquisition, through adequate funding and resettlement packages that will provide sustainable economic life for beneficiaries.
While commending the Rivers State Government led by the People First Governor, Sir Siminilayi Fubara for initiating “various training and capacity-building programmes in areas such as ICT and artificial intelligence, oil and gas, maritime, and the blue economy, among others”, it is note-worthy that the labour market is dynamic and shaped by industry-specific demands, technological advancements, management practices and other emerging factors. So another sector the Federal, State and Local Governments should encourage youths to explore and harness the abounding potentials, in my considered view, is Agriculture. Agriculture remains a veritable solution to hunger, inflation, and food Insecurity that ravages the country. No doubt, the Nigeria’s arable landmass is grossly under-utilised and under-exploited.
In recent times, Nigerians have voiced their concerns about the persistent challenges of hunger, inflation, and the general increase in prices of goods and commodities. These issues not only affect the livelihoods of individuals and families but also pose significant threats to food security and economic stability in the country. The United Nations estimated that more than 25 million people in Nigeria could face food insecurity this year—a 47% increase from the 17 million people already at risk of going hungry, mainly due to ongoing insecurity, protracted conflicts, and rising food prices. An estimated two million children under five are likely to be pushed into acute malnutrition. (Reliefweb ,2023). In response, Nigeria declared a state of emergency on food insecurity, recognizing the urgent need to tackle food shortages, stabilize rising prices, and protect farmers facing violence from armed groups. However, without addressing the insecurity challenges, farmers will continue to struggle to feed their families and boost food production.
In addition, parts of northwest and northeast Nigeria have experienced changes in rainfall patterns making less water available for crop production. These climate change events have resulted in droughts and land degradations; presenting challenges for local communities and leading to significant impact on food security. In light of these daunting challenges, it is imperative to address the intricate interplay between insecurity and agricultural productivity. Nigeria can work toward ensuring food security, reducing poverty, and fostering sustainable economic growth in its vital agricultural sector. In this article, I suggest solutions that could enhance agricultural production and ensure that every state scales its agricultural production to a level where it can cater to 60% of the population.
This is feasible and achievable if government at all levels are intentional driving the development of the agricultural sector which was the major economic mainstay of the Country before the crude oil was struck in commercial quantity and consequently became the nation’s monolithic revenue source. Government should revive the moribund Graduate Farmers Scheme and the Rivers State School-to-Land agricultural programmes to operate concurrently with other skills acquisition and development programmes. There should be a consideration for investment in mechanized farming and arable land allocation. State and local governments should play a pivotal role in promoting mechanized farming and providing arable land for farming in communities. Additionally, allocating arable land enables small holder farmers to expand their operations and contribute to food security at the grassroots level.
Nigeria can unlock the potential of its agricultural sector to address the pressing needs of its population and achieve sustainable development. Policymakers and stakeholders must heed Akande’s recommendations and take decisive action to ensure a food-secure future for all Nigerians.
By: Igbiki Benibo
Opinion
Of Protests And Need For Dialogue
Quote:“.Across Abuja, Anambra, and Lagos, a common thread emerges: a disconnect between authority and empathy. Government actions may follow policy logic, but citizens respond from lived experience, fear, and frustration. When these realities collide without dialogue, the streets become the arena of engagement”
It was a turbulent week in the country, highlighting the widening gap between government intentions and public perception. From Abuja to Anambra and Lagos, citizens poured into the streets not just over specific grievances but in frustration with governance that often appears heavy-handed, confrontational, or insufficiently humane. While authorities may genuinely act in the public interest, their methods sometimes aggravate tensions rather than resolve them.
In Abuja, the strike by workers of the Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA) and the Federal Capital Development Authority (FCDA) under the Joint Union Action Committee (JUAC) brought the capital to a near standstill. Their demands included five months’ unpaid wages, hazard and rural allowances, promotion arrears, welfare packages, pension and National Housing Fund remittances, and training and career progression concerns. These are core labour issues that directly affect workers’ dignity and livelihoods. Efforts to dialogue with the FCT Minister reportedly failed. Even after a court ordered the strike to end, workers persisted, underscoring the depth of discontent. Threats and sanctions only hardened positions.
The FCT crisis shows that industrial peace cannot be enforced through coercion. Dialogue is not weakness; it is recognition that governance is about people. Meeting labour leaders, listening attentively, clarifying grey areas, and agreeing on timelines could restore trust. Honesty and negotiation are far more effective than threats.
In Anambra, protests by Onitsha Main Market traders followed the government’s closure of the market over continued observance of a Monday sit-at-home, linked to separatist agitation. Governor Chukwuma Soludo described compliance as economic sabotage, insisting Anambra cannot operate as a “four-day-a-week economy.” While the governor’s concern is understandable, threats to revoke ownership, seize, or demolish the market risk escalating tensions. Many traders comply out of fear, not ideology. Markets are social ecosystems of families, apprentices, and informal networks; heavy-handed enforcement may worsen resistance. A better approach combines persuasion, dialogue with market leaders, credible security assurances, and gradual confidence-building. Coordinated political engagement with federal authorities could also reduce regional tensions.
In Lagos, protests erupted over demolition of homes in low-income waterfront communities such as Makoko, Owode Onirin, and Oworonshoki. The state defended these actions as necessary for safety, environmental protection, and urban renewal. While objectives are legitimate, demolitions drew criticism for lack of notice, compensation, and humane resettlement. Urban development without regard for human consequences risks appearing elitist and anti-poor. Where demolitions are unavoidable, transparent engagement, fair compensation, and realistic relocation must precede action to maintain public trust and social stability.
Across Abuja, Anambra, and Lagos, a common thread emerges: a disconnect between authority and empathy. Government actions may follow policy logic, but citizens respond from lived experience, fear, and frustration. When these realities collide without dialogue, the streets become the arena of engagement.
Democracy cannot thrive on decrees, threats, or bulldozers alone. Leaders must listen as much as they command, persuade as much as they enforce. Minister Wike should see labour leaders as partners, Governor Soludo must balance firmness with sensitivity, and Lagos authorities should align urban renewal with compassion and justice. Protests are signals of communication failure. Dialogue, caution, and a human face in governance are not optional—they are necessities. Police and security agencies must respect peaceful protest as a constitutional right.
By: Calista Ezeaku
Opinion
Empowering Youth Through Agriculture
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