Editorial
Taming The Corruption Monster
As the world marked International Anti-Corruption Day yesterday, December 9, 2021, Nigerians have continued to lament widespread corruption and its devastating effects on the country. This year’s theme is, “Your Right, Your Role: Say No To Corruption.” It seeks to highlight the rights and responsibilities of everyone in tackling corruption.
The anti-corruption day is observed annually to promote the cause of collective action in preventing corruption and this year’s theme is ideally suited for such mandate. We must unite to promote resilience and integrity at all levels of society. The leaders of all sectors of business, national and sub-national governments have a major role to play in strengthening measures and policies to bring about a culture of integrity across the sectors.
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) adopted Resolution 58/4, which is the United Nations Convention Against Corruption on October 31, 2003. The Assembly also designated December 9 as World Anti-Corruption Day to raise awareness about corruption and the role of the Convention in battling and preventing it. The Convention came into force in December, 2005.
According to the United Nations, “Every year, $1 trillion is paid in bribes while an estimated $2.6 trillion are stolen through corruption, a sum equivalent to more than five per cent of the global GDP. In developing countries, according to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), funds lost to corruption are estimated at 10 times the amount of official development assistance.”
It is not only countries that need to unite and face this global problem with shared responsibility, every person has a role to play to prevent and counter corruption. To achieve this, policies, systems and measures need to be in place for people to be able to speak up and say ‘no’ to corruption. The government must put in place effective whistle-blower protection to ensure that persons who speak up are protected from retaliation.
One challenging issue that seriously affects Nigeria’s economic development and her image internationally is corruption. Despite efforts by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC) and other anti-corruption agencies, corruption continues to hold sway in the country.
The ICPC Act (2000) Section (2) defines corruption as including bribery, fraud and other related offences. We are not limiting it to this. President Muhammadu Buhari offered to run for president twice, although he knew that he was unfit and incompetent. This was corrupt behaviour. Under Buhari’s watch as Minister of Petroleum Resources, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) under-reports oil sales, which is corruption. Similarly, when our leaders disobey court judgments, it is corruption.
The Civil Society Legislative and Advocacy Centre (CISLAC) repeatedly alleges that corruption is worsening in the country despite being a cardinal focus of the Buhari administration and describes it as monumental. Executive Director of CISLAC, Auwal Musa, said there had been zero per cent commitment to pledges made by President Buhari at the London Corruption Summit of 2016 and warned that Nigeria would remain backwards economically if corruption was not eliminated.
According to ActionAid Nigeria, corruption accounts for low Foreign Direct Investment in the country. It noted that bribery and high-level corruption discouraged investors from doing business in the country and stated that eliminating corruption was crucial to the future well-being of Nigeria, as it would lift millions of Nigerians out of poverty and ensure shared prosperity and dignity for all.
Also lamenting the level of corruption in the country, Human Environmental Development Agenda (HEDA) noted that Nigeria had lost 43 billion dollars to corruption. It bemoaned that Nigeria ranked 34th most corrupt nation in the world with over 100 open corruption cases of funds embezzlement and wrongful possession.
Expressing concern over the endemic corruption in the land, the former Acting Chairman of the EFCC, Mohammed Abba, called for cooperation and commitment among anti-corruption agencies in the country toward implementing the broad goals of the National Anti-Corruption Strategy. This is an excellent alarm that could turn things around if heeded.
No doubt, the impact of corruption on the image of Nigeria is quite negative. Just as it is in its entirety, corruption of any form does no country any good. Instead, it stultifies growth and development. Therefore, efforts must be directed towards creating economic opportunities, reversing anti-people’s policies such as refusal to pay salaries and pension benefits of workers and retirees, reduction of poverty in the country, among others.
The impact of corruption on Nigerian society, including poor service delivery, inadequate infrastructure, bad governance, pervasive and dehumanising poverty, and general underdevelopment, accounts for the inefficiency and unimpressive growth and development, incorporating the possible failure of democracy in Nigeria. Hence, the federal and state authorities need to muster the political will to combat this peril.
Failure to battle corruption in Nigeria has further compounded economic woes by a government that is inept and high-handed. Buhari has failed to curb corruption, which breeds resentment. Many Nigerians are furious that they see so little benefit from the country’s billions of petrodollars, much of which their leaders have squandered. This must end. Our economy must be rescued from the activities of corrupt persons to give the nation a good image.
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That Oshiomhole’s Call On FG’s Road Projects
There are moments in the life of a legislature when plain speaking becomes a public service. Senator Adams Oshiomhole provided such a moment on the floor of the Senate when he accused the Minister of Works, Senator David Umahi, of manifestly neglecting critical federal arteries in Edo and Delta States, and implored his colleagues to prevail on the Minister to adopt a more equitable and genuinely national approach to road infrastructure delivery. It was blunt, it was uncomfortable, and it was necessary.
The specifics of his complaint deserve restating. Drawing attention to the recent approval of some 20 new road projects despite the parlous state of existing ones, the former Edo State governor lamented that Nigerians cannot travel from Benin to Warri, Benin to Asaba, Benin to Auchi, or Auchi to Okene without encountering severe distress. He alleged a deliberate omission of these corridors from the national budget in the last three years, save for palliative interventions directed by President Bola Tinubu through tax credit arrangements. His question — “What have we done wrong?” — resonates far beyond the chambers of the National Assembly.
We lend our full and unequivocal support to that call. The Auchi-Benin Road, for instance, has been in a deplorable and near-impassable condition for several years, turning what should be a two-hour journey into an all-day ordeal of broken axles, extortionate fares, and despondent commuters. The media have, on multiple occasions, chronicled the suffering of motorists, traders, and students who ply that route. To describe it as a federal road today is to stretch the meaning of the term beyond recognition.
This pattern of sidelining is not confined to Edo or Delta. Even here in Rivers State, the disposition of the Federal Ministry of Works has left much to be desired, particularly along the Eleme axis of the East-West Road. That road, which ought to be a flagship of federal presence in the Niger Delta, has remained in a wretched state for long. Those who use it daily — workers at the Eleme Petrochemical Complex, the two refineries, Onne Port, and the countless ancillary industries — can attest to its deterioration. Work has proceeded in fits and starts without the sustained urgency such a strategic road demands.
The Eleme stretch is not a mere intra-state byway. It is the gateway to the nation’s economic jugular. According to the Federal Ministry of Works and Housing’s 2023 Highway Condition Survey, only about 35 per cent of the country’s 36,000 kilometres of federal roads are rated as being in good or fair condition, with the remainder classified as poor or very poor. The East-West Road, conceived in the 1970s to bind the entire Niger Delta, remains unfinished in critical sections more than four decades after. If it had been treated as a priority, the perennial gridlock, carnage, and economic loss on the Eleme-Refinery junction would have long been consigned to history.
The irony is as painful as it is glaring. The Niger Delta remains the goose that lays the golden eggs. Data from the Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative [NEITI 2023 Oil and Gas Audit] show that the region still accounts for over 78 per cent of Nigeria’s federally collected export earnings and about 65 per cent of total government revenue. The National Bureau of Statistics [NBS Foreign Trade Report Q4 2024] similarly confirms that crude oil continues to dominate export receipts. By every metric of equity and economic logic, a region that sustains the national purse deserves first-rate consideration in the allocation of infrastructure, not afterthoughts and tokenism.
Road infrastructure is not largesse to be dispensed by favour; it is the skeleton upon which commerce, cohesion, and citizenship hang. When contracts are concentrated in one geopolitical zone while other zones are left to contend with craters, it erodes trust in the federation itself. The World Bank’s Nigeria Development Update [June 2023] estimated that poor transport connectivity inflates the cost of moving goods by up to 40 per cent and costs the Nigerian economy an estimated $1.5 billion annually in lost man-hours and vehicle maintenance. If we profess to be one country, then equity must be the compass that guides key institutions before any project is executed. Development must spread round, not pool in one place as though other regions do not matter.
There is also a grave security dimension that can no longer be ignored. The deplorable condition of federal roads has become a veritable enabler of criminality. The NBS Crime Experience and Security Perception Survey reported over 2.5 million incidents of kidnapping-related occurrences nationally, with transport workers identifying bad road spots as prime ambush points. When vehicles are forced to crawl at 10 kilometres per hour through failed sections at Auchi, Sapele Road, or Eleme, they become sitting ducks for armed gangs. Fixing bad roads, therefore, is not merely about convenience; it is about safeguarding lives.
By his intervention, Senator Oshiomhole has hit the nail on the head and reminded Minister Umahi of a fundamental constitutional truth: public office is held in trust. The Ministry of Works is not a personal estate where contracts are awarded according to whim or political convenience. It is a national institution funded by the collective resources of Nigerians, including the oil and gas rents from the very communities whose roads are now neglected. The Minister must demonstrate balance, transparency, and a pan-Nigerian outlook in the distribution of projects that impact the daily existence of citizens. Selective neglect breeds suspicion, and suspicion is corrosive at a time when the nation is preaching unity, oneness, equity, and justice.
Consequently, the National Assembly must go beyond rhetoric and assert its oversight powers with vigour. Sections 88 and 89 of the 1999 Constitution [as amended] empower the legislature to investigate and expose any maladministration in the execution of federal projects. If an office holder is not acting rightly, it is the duty of the Senate and the House of Representatives to call him to order. Oversight must not be reduced to budget approval ceremonies; it must translate to field verification, public hearings, and insistence that the Federal Character principle, as enshrined in Section 14(3) of the Constitution, reflects in road awards.
Let the Auchi-Okene, Benin-Warri, Benin-Asaba, and Eleme East-West gangways be restored to motorable dignity. Let priority be given to completing existing, economically vital roads before embarking on new ones. If those who, through their resources, sustain the federation are sidelined in the distribution of tangible dividends, it tells poorly of our nationhood. Bad roads must be fixed, and they must be fixed now, with fairness as the guiding standard.
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