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Editorial

Towards A Tobacco-Free Society

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The World Health Organisation (WHO) recently raised an alarm that tobacco use and associated infections have risen to become one of the world’s highest preventable causes of death. According to the global health body, as many as six million people died of ailments connected with tobacco use while a whooping 600,000 die annually of secondary tobacco consumption.

WHO also warned that unless urgent steps were taken by nations of the world, to stem the increasing patronage of tobacco, especially among young people, eight million primary smokers and 800,000 secondary users will die yearly by 2030. This is frightening.

Even more worrisome is the fact that most of the deaths are likely to occur among those who live in low and middle income countries of the world, particularly sub-Saharan Africa, where, a huge percentage of the populations live below the poverty line.

Obviously, it was to prevent such horrific outcomes arising from tobacco use that the WHO Framework Convention On Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) was conceived. The Treaty which was adopted by the 56th World Health Assembly on May 21, 2003, came into force on February 21, 2005, having been signed by 168 countries. It is thus, legally binding in 176 ratifying/accessioned countries, including Nigeria.

The FCTC as a supra national agreement, seeks among others, “to protect the present and future generations from the devastating health, social, environmental and economic consequences of tobacco consumption and exposure to tobacco smoke,” by enacting a set of universal standards stating the dangers of tobacco and limiting its use in all forms worldwide.

Unfortunately, Nigeria was still appears indifferent to concerns for necessary enactments needed to ensure the control, if not total ban on tobacco use in public places. The 6th Assembly of Nigeria’s Legislature, we understand indeed passed the act but was never assented to, for reasons that are still foggy.

As the country joins the rest of the globe to mark World No Tobacco Day, it is only instructive to remind policy makers, governments and indeed the legislature of the need to see the urgency in fashioning more pro-active anti-tobacco laws.

The theme of this year’s observance is ‘Ban Tobacco Advertising, Promotion and Sponsorship’ is both apt and timely, considering the increasingly aggressive tobacco-based campaigns targeting teens and the youth. It is not enough to ban such advertisements without adequate monitoring, control and indeed necessary sanctions against defaulters. The expected enactment should consider all imperatives holistically. It must ban all advertisements that directly or indirectly target the young generation through the promise of mouth-watering offers in free gifts.

Secondly, we think that the warning on the tobacco packs sold in Nigeria is not only ambiguous, it is indeed ineffective. Therefore, rather than say non-committally,  ‘The Federal Ministry of Health Warns That Smokers Are Liable To Die Young,’ tobacco producers should be compelled to be more direct in their warnings.

Instead ,as obtains in civilized countries, the tobacco companies should be compelled to warn, ‘Tobacco Use Causes Cancer,’ ‘Tobacco Smoking Kills,’ ‘Tobacco Is Poisonous,’ It Will Kill You,’ or, ‘Tobacco Cause Impotence,’ among other related infections. These indeed are the steps the WHO FCTC expects countries of the world to take and Nigeria and indeed other African countries cannot continue to remain indifferent.

Now therefore is the auspicious moment for the National Assembly to consider, without delay, an act seeking the total ban on tobacco use and sale in public places, as a step towards addressing WHO fears. We expect also that such a ban specifies a distance of not less than 500 metres, away from such public places like schools and hospitals, where tobacco sale and use must be outlawed.

No efforts should be spared in making sure that we protect both the present and future generations from harm, likely to be caused by the preventable diseases of tobacco use.

In this crusade, economic consideration arising from expected revenue in taxes from tobacco companies should not supersede the health, social and environmental imperatives of tobacco consumption by its citizenry. Instead, premium must be paid on the health needs of the citizenry, especially, the vulnerable teens and the youth, in debates concerning the recommended ban on tobacco use.

A stitch in time, they say, saves nine.

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Diesel Price Cut, Building On Dangote’s Example

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In a critical move, the Dangote Refinery has announced a further reduction in the price of diesel, bringing it
down to N940 per litre for customers purchasing 5 million litres or more directly from the refinery. This represents a notable decrease from the previously reported N1000 per litre, offering significant savings for bulk buyers. The price reduction is a testament to the refinery’s commitment to providing competitive pricing and supporting businesses in Nigeria’s growing industrial sector.
The Refinery, once fully operational, is expected to have a significant impact on the Nigerian economy by reducing the country’s reliance on imported refined petroleum products. The refinery’s ability to produce vast quantities of high-quality diesel will not only meet domestic demand but also create opportunities for export, potentially generating valuable foreign exchange for Nigeria.
The reduction in diesel price is also expected to have positive implications for various industries that rely heavily on diesel as a fuel source. Industries such as transportation, manufacturing, construction, and agriculture are likely to benefit from the lower fuel costs, leading to increased productivity and efficiency. This, in turn, can contribute to economic growth and job creation throughout the country.
This was announced by the Refinery’s spokesperson, Tony Chiejina. The statement read in part:
“In an unprecedented move, Dangote Petroleum Refinery has announced a further reduction of the price of diesel from N1,200 to N1,000/litre. While rolling out the products, the refinery supplied at a substantially reduced price of N1,200/litre three weeks ago, representing over 30 per cent reduction from the previous market price of about N1,600/litre. This significant reduction in the price of diesel at Dangote Petroleum Refinery is expected to positively affect all the spheres of the economy and ultimately reduce the high inflation rate in the country”
Reacting to the price reduction, the Secretary of the Independent Petroleum Marketers Association of Nigeria, Abuja-Suleja Branch, Mohammed Shuaibu, said, “This is a welcome development and I am happy to hear this news because it will further increase competition in the downstream which will benefit many Nigerians. Such competition would create room for more price reduction and we are going to start seeing the positive impact on the cost of goods and services on the long run.”
Commending the company’s efforts, President Bola Tinubu described the move as an “enterprising feat” and said, “The price review represents a 60 per cent drop, which will, in no small measure, impact the prices of sundry goods and services.” In a statement signed by his Special Adviser on Media and Publicity, Ajuri Ngelale, Tinubu affirmed that Nigerians and domestic businesses are the nation’s surest transport and security to economic prosperity.
Dangote’s decision to reduce diesel prices has been met with widespread approbation and is expected to have vital positive impacts on the Nigerian economy. The price reduction has sparked a gradual decline in the prices of locally-produced goods, such as flour, as businesses are now paying less for diesel. This reduction in production costs is likely to trickle down to consumers, resulting in lower prices for essential commodities. Businesses will have more disposable income to invest in production and expansion.
Moreover, the trickle-down effect of this singular intervention promises to change the dynamics in the energy cost equation of the country, in the midst of inadequate and rising cost of electricity. The reduction will also have far-reaching effects in critical sectors like industrial operations, transportation, logistics, and agriculture. A lot of companies will be back in operation.
Aliko Dangote, Nigeria’s foremost industrialist, has a big role to play in alleviating the economic burden faced by Nigerians who rely on Premium Motor Spirit (PMS). By concertedly including the production of PMS in his business operations, Dangote can make a substantial contribution to reducing the nation’s dependence on imported fuel and easing the financial strain on its citizens. The business mogul’s vast resources and expertise in the manufacturing sector make him ideally positioned to lead this initiative.
Furthermore, local PMS production would stabilise fuel prices and protect Nigerians from the volatility of the global oil market. The country’s over-reliance on imported PMS has made it susceptible to price fluctuations, which have a ripple effect on the cost of goods and services. By producing PMS domestically, Nigeria can gain greater control over its fuel supply and mitigate the impact of external factors on its economy.
If truth be told, Dangote has built an image for himself as one among the few genuine and credible rich persons who have successfully synergised industry with philanthropy. Nigerian entrepreneurs and investors should emulate the iconic businessman by channelling ideas and resources into areas of the economy that stimulate growth, with long-term effect on job creation and poverty reduction. We laud the Dangote Group for the vision behind the refinery.
Nigerians, who have been granted licences to establish private refineries should make haste. The establishment of private refineries will create numerous economic benefits. It will reduce the country’s dependence on imported fuel, leading to savings in foreign exchange. Additionally, it will create jobs in various sectors, including construction, engineering, and oil and gas operations. Moreover, the increased availability of locally refined products will stabilise fuel prices and enhance energy security.
Delay in the establishment of these refineries could have adverse consequences. Nigeria continues to lose billions of dollars annually on refined fuel imports, draining its foreign reserves and putting pressure on the local currency. Furthermore, the scarcity of refined products often results in fuel shortages, causing economic disruptions and hardship for citizens. Therefore, it is crucial that the licencees expedite the construction and commissioning of their refineries.

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Obaseki, Beyond The New Minimum Wage 

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In a move that has elicited both excitement and anticipation, the Edo State Government has announced a sub-
stantial increase in the minimum wage for its civil servants. Governor Godwin Obaseki made the declaration during the commissioning ceremony of the newly built Labour House. The new minimum wage, which has been raised from N40,000 to N70,000, represents a 75 per cent increase. The implementation of the new wage took effect from May 1, 2024.
This announcement has been met with widespread joy and relief among Edo State civil servants, who have long yearned for an upward review of their salaries. The increase is expected to go a long way in alleviating the financial challenges faced by many workers and improving their overall living standards. It is also seen as a testament to the Governor’s commitment to the welfare of his employees and his understanding of the economic realities faced by the workforce.
Recall that the upward review in the state’s minimum wage has been a forward-thinking decision. It all started with Senator Adams Oshiomhole, who raised it from N18,000 to N25,000 during his time in office. The current Governor jacked it up even further to N40,000. This gradual increase in the minimum wage shows a growing understanding of the necessity for adjusting wages to keep up with the increasing cost of living and to ensure a decent standard of living for all residents. The actions demonstrate a commitment to economic stability in the state.
The increasing inflation rates in Nigeria have sparked a dispute between the Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) and the Federal Government over the national minimum wage. The NLC is pushing for a raise in wages to help workers cope with the rising prices, driven by the inflation rate reaching 33.2 per cent in March 2024, up from 31.7 per cent in February. Food inflation also climbed to 31.7 per cent in March from 30 per cent in February, adding to the urgency of the NLC’s call for a wage adjustment to match the cost of living.
The NLC and the Trade Union Congress (TUC) have jointly proposed a minimum wage of N615,000 for workers in the country. This demand was made after President Bola Tinubu, through Vice President Kashim Shettima, established a 37-member panel at the Council Chamber of the State House in Abuja on January 30. The panel is tasked with reviewing the current minimum wage and making recommendations for a new one.
Labour unions’ proposal is based on several factors, including the rising cost of living, inflation, and the need to improve the welfare of workers. They argue that the current minimum wage of N30,000 is no longer adequate to meet the basic needs of workers and their families. They also point out that the proposed N615,000 minimum wage is still significantly lower than the living wage, which is estimated to be around N800,000.
There is no formal response to the organised labour’s demand. However, negotiations are ongoing with the unions to find a compromise. The government may take into account the recommendations of the 37-member panel before deciding on the new wage. The outcome of the negotiations will greatly affect the lives of Nigerian workers. A higher take-home could give workers a necessary boost in income, helping them meet their essential needs and enhance their quality of life.
Governor Godwin Obaseki’s decision to increase the minimum wage for workers in his state is a testament to his commitment to improving the lives of the working class. This bold move demonstrates his understanding of the challenges faced by Edo civil servants and his determination to address their concerns. By ensuring that workers receive a living wage, Obaseki may not only be fulfilling his campaign promises but also setting a precedent.
Obaseki’s labour-friendly approach is a refreshing change from the past, when workers’ rights were often ignored. His willingness to engage with labour unions and negotiate a fair wage agreement even before a new national minimum wage is declared, shows that he values the contributions of the working class. The prioritisation of workers’ welfare will surely create a conducive environment for businesses to thrive and for the state to prosper.
In response to this generous act, Edo workers have a moral obligation to reciprocate by enhancing their productivity and demonstrating an unwavering commitment to their duties. They can justify the investment made in their welfare if they work harder. This enhanced productivity will benefit the state government and have a positive impact on the citizens they serve. Efficient and effective service delivery will foster a more conducive environment for advancement.
Beyond the commendable wage increase for workers in the state, the government has the responsibility to reposition the civil service for enhanced effectiveness and productivity. This strategic move would not only demonstrate the authority’s genuine concern for the well-being of its staff but also lay the foundation for a more efficient and responsive public service system.
Reforming the civil service entails implementing comprehensive reforms aimed at modernising its operations, streamlining processes, and fostering a culture of innovation and excellence. This can be achieved through initiatives such as digitalisation, capacity building, performance management systems, and merit-based promotions. These measures can empower civil servants with the tools and knowledge necessary to deliver exceptional services to the citizens of the state.
An effective and productive civil service is essential for the smooth functioning of any government. It is the backbone of governance, responsible for implementing policies, providing essential services, and ensuring accountability. The new minimum wage can create a workforce that is motivated, skilled, and committed to delivering optimal results. This, in turn, will enhance the government’s ability to meet the needs of its citizens and drive socio-economic development in the state.
In line with Obaseki’s actions, state governors should proactively review their employees’ salaries. It is unacceptable that many governors are still unable to meet the current N30,000 minimum wage requirement. This not only constitutes a blatant breach of the law but also signifies a grave betrayal of the trust entrusted upon them by the workers. Governors hold the pivotal duty of guaranteeing equitable pay for their employees to sustain a respectable standard of living. The failure of some of them to adhere to the minimum wage standards greatly contributes to the prevailing poverty and inequality in the nation.

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Editorial

Towards Efficient Use Of Rivers’ IGR

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Governor Siminalayi Fubara’s declaration of a significant surge in Rivers State’s monthly Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) is an achievement that resonates deeply within the economic landscape of Nigeria. The IGR’s rise from a humble estimate of N11 billion to a staggering N26 to N27 billion – a boost of over one hundred per cent – presents a laudable financial milestone. Fubara’s strategic and proactive revenue generation endeavours are attributable to this impressive accomplishment.
The declaration was made during the Governor’s address to the members of the House of Representatives Committee on Public Accounts, who visited him at the Government House in Port Harcourt to commend his government for hosting their retreat. Led by its Chairman, Hon. Busayo Oluwole Oke, the House commended the Governor for his commitment to fiscal responsibility and prudent financial management.
A report by Economic Confidential, quoting official statistics, shows that six states of the federation are insolvent, highlighting the unfortunate reality of Nigeria’s second tier of government. It is the most recent confirmation that many sub-nationals have become economic parasites, unable to sustain themselves without federal allocations. This is why the Governor’s remarkable achievement in doubling the IGR is praiseworthy.
Fubara’s success in boosting the IGR is a testament to his understanding of the importance of diversified revenue sources for sustainable development. The increase in revenue will enable the government to fund critical infrastructure projects, enhance public services, and improve the overall well-being of the people of Rivers State.
To ensure the prudent and effective utilisation of funds, it is imperative to invest in infrastructure projects that have the potential to generate employment opportunities and stimulate economic growth. By focusing on critical projects such as transportation, energy, and water systems, the government can create a multiplier effect that benefits the entire state. These projects not only provide employment opportunities but also lay the foundation for long-term economic development.
Governor Fubara’s decision to publicly disclose the monthly receipts is a testament to his unwavering commitment to transparency and accountability in governance. By making such information accessible to the public, he has set an exemplary precedent that should be emulated by all those entrusted with public funds. His honesty and integrity are laudable, as he could have easily concealed these funds without facing any consequences. His actions manifest his belief that the people he serves have a right to know how their funds are being utilised.
This disclosure is a vital step towards building trust between the government and its citizens. It clearly shows that Fubara is unafraid of scrutiny and is willing to take responsibility for his actions. His transparency has established a space where the public can engage in overseeing the use of public funds, guaranteeing their efficient allocation and preventing corruption. This sets a positive precedent for other government officials, inspiring them to embrace similar principles of transparency and accountability.
In addition to Siminalayi’s candour, residents of the state will feel more motivated to pay their taxes, knowing that the funds will be used for the overall development and progress of the state. This heightened trust and confidence in the government’s management of public funds will benefit everyone. The Governor is effectively promoting a culture of civic duty and cooperation among residents by demonstrating dedication to accountability and responsible financial management.
At a time when governors like Fubara are thinking outside the box to double their IGR, most of the sub-nationals have become economic parasites that cannot survive on their own without relying on federal allocations. For the country to overcome poverty and joblessness, the states must revert to productive, self-sustaining units.
According to figures from the National Bureau of Statistics and the Federation Account Allocation Committee, the report identified Lagos, Ogun, Rivers, Kaduna, Kwara, Oyo, and Edo as the most financially viable states in Nigeria for 2022. However, Bayelsa, Akwa Ibom, Katsina, Taraba, Yobe, and Kebbi States were unable to generate at least 10 per cent of the total allocations they received from FAAC and were declared insolvent.
In 2022, the internally generated revenue of the 36 states totaled N1.8 trillion, slightly higher than the N1.76 trillion generated in 2021. Lagos alone generated N651 billion, surpassing the combined revenue of 30 other states. The situation appears even more concerning when considering that the seven most prosperous states generated N1.5 trillion internally, nearly double the total IGR of the remaining 29 states, which amounted to about N650 billion.
The nine oil-producing states received additional allocations as their share of the 13 per cent derivation revenue, bringing their total receipts to about N869.09 billion. The stark reality is that without federal allocations and oil resources, many states would be insolvent. This is due to the extreme laziness and lack of creativity demonstrated by the states in boosting revenue generation for impactful development. In the First Republic, the regions were the driving force behind Nigeria’s development. They led in agriculture, mining, industrialisation, infrastructure, and social services, making them self-sufficient.
Yet, no state is inherently poor. In addition to advantages in agriculture and human capital, each state possesses rich deposits of various mineral types. These resources can be utilised to generate revenue, stimulate production, generate employment, and enhance their tax base. Agriculture and mining present opportunities to supply raw materials for industrial growth and attract investment.
As Rivers State’s Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) continues to grow, it is necessary for Sir Fubara to address leakages and reduce the cost of governance. Implementing comprehensive economic policies is essential to sustain this growth and reduce the state’s dependence on federal sharing. Capitalising on the liberalised power sector to attract investments and stimulate productive activities is key. The state should focus on improving rural infrastructure, education, health, and agriculture, while promoting private sector-led economies with Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and start-ups at the centre.

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