Youth Initiatives for Advocacy, Growth and Advancement (YIAGA), a civil society organisation has urged the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to tread slowly on technology application in electoral process.
The Executive Director of the group, Mr Samson Itodo, in a document released in Abuja, said because of its “limitations and vulnerability” technology could not guarantee credible elections.
According to Itodo, by all standards, elections are complex and capital-intensive because electoral operations, procurement, staff training and remuneration and public outreach gulp huge amounts of the election budget.
He said that the poor state of public infrastructure, including roads, institutions, energy, environment and ICT penetration, contributed to high electoral costs.
Itodo said though a plausible argument, high cost of elections in Africa was the consequence for undemocratic and flawed elections recorded on the continent.
“Simply put, countries are spending more on elections due to low level of electoral integrity hence the reliance on technology to eliminate all forms of electoral heist and irregularity.
“It is common practice for election management bodies in Africa to leverage on technology for voter registration, voter identification or accreditation, electronic tallying and transmission of results.”
He said that different election stakeholders such as companies, civil society groups, politicians and development partners, subject electoral commissions in Africa to intense pressure to deploy new technologies for elections.
The director said that most of the commissions yielded to these pressures without undertaking a cost-benefit analysis on the deployment of electoral technologies or its potency to guarantee credible elections.
According to him, in this era of automation, machine learning and artificial intelligence, it is foolhardy to ignore adaptation of relevant technologies and digitized electoral processes.
He said that unarguably, technology deployed for elections could eliminate human errors associated with calculating and computing of results, improve voter identification, facilitate faster and easier voting, but could lack integrity.
“Although electoral technology can enhance and undermine electoral integrity, electoral commissions must be conscious of its limitations and vulnerabilities that can also undermine it.
“The debate on whether electoral technology can guarantee electoral integrity is premised on the limitations of technology deployment in Africa.
“Experience shows that electoral technology is vulnerable to failure, interference, and security breaches.
“Recent reports of cyber propaganda, warfare and election interference strengthen the argument that electoral technology can potentially de-legitimise elections.”
Itodo pointed out that without checks and oversight, heads of ICT departments in electoral commissions could become kingmakers by subverting the will of the people through a ‘click’ resulting to computer-generated leaders.
He said that there were growing apprehension and suspicion with the deployment of technology in electoral processes in Africa, adding that most people did not trust electoral technology due to its limitations.
He said that in Kenya, Raila Odinga alleged system logs on the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC), suggesting possible infiltration of the commission’s electronic system of tallying of results.
Itodo added that the then opposition Sierra Leone Peoples Party (SLPP) was similarly accused of hacking into the system of the National Electoral Commission (NEC) to alter election results.
He, however, advised electoral commissions to secure public consent and approval in their quest to deploy technology for elections, saying that it would boost citizens’ trust in the process thereby deepening electoral integrity.