Editorial
Managing Waste Disposal In Rivers

Following the return of heaps of refuse on major high ways, streets, and at different junctions across Port Harcourt and Obio/Akpor Local Government Councils, the Rivers State Government has terminated contracts of all firms assigned to collect waste in the metropolis. A statement from the government indicated that the decision to terminate their contracts with the Rivers State Waste Management Agency (RIWAMA) was because of their inability to fulfill their contractual obligations to the state.
According to the state government, the contractual agreement signed with all waste collectors across the state was designed to ensure a cleaner, healthier environment for the residents of the State. But the termination of their contract became effective immediately. The chairmen of the said councils were subsequently appointed to assume responsibility for the disposal of waste in their areas pending the appointment of new contractors.
The Tide observed that there were large dumps of refuse on virtually all the roads and available spaces, especially on the median of major highways. Investigation revealed that this was caused by improper disposal of waste by residents and the inability of the refuse disposal service providers to do their job. While some residents can afford to pay waste disposal operators for their services, others who cannot afford to do so dump garbage indiscriminately.
We are fully supporting the action of the state government in sacking the waste contractors, given the obvious failure to fulfill their contractual duties to keep the city clean and healthy. We need to crack down on gross indiscipline in waste management. The waste in Port Harcourt and Obio/Akpor, home to over 50 per cent of the state’s population, is troubling and unacceptable. It endangers the health of the people and negatively alters the “Garden City” status of the metropolis.
Furthermore, the accumulation of waste runs contrary to the essence of Governor Nyesom Wike’s urban renewal programme. Considering that the general election in 2023 is fast approaching, the development would not be in the best interest of the current administration that the state capital is gradually turning into a garbage city by waste contractors who have withdrawn their services.
Since waste evacuation in a densely populated city like Port Harcourt is capital-intensive, it should not be left in the hands of the Port Harcourt and Obio/Akpor council chairmen longer than necessary. However, it is good news that the state government realised that and promised to appoint new waste contractors soon. Let this be done in the shortest possible time.
This is even more compelling now than ever as the rains have begun to unleash their venom on residents, devastating communities. The recent escalation of storm floods around vulnerable and often prone areas in some local government areas and communities, especially in Port Harcourt and Obio/Akpor, underscores the pressing need for drains, water channels, and canals, among others, to be desilted.
Attention must be paid to the main creeks and water channels of the state capital, especially Nta-Wogba, Nwaja through the Bori Camp, Rumuola, Rumuigbo, and Mgbuoba. Others include the Mini-Ezekwu, Rumuodara, Eliozu, Rumuodomaya, Rumuaghalu, Nkpor, Rumuosi, Elelenwo, Rumuokurusi, Elimgbu, Eneka, Rukpokwu, Aleto, Iriebe and Rumuakurusi.
The Eneka channels that have frequently resulted in severe flooding in Port Harcourt and Obio/Akpor should be emptied of debris, while canalisation should be strengthened to ensure that underground water channels are not obstructed through insouciant refuse disposal practices and irregular building of residential and industrial property.
The lack of waste management infrastructure coupled with the congestion problem of Port Harcourt makes it difficult to manage the sprawling city, and this is taking a toll on its residents. Because of inadequate awareness of waste management, residents indiscriminately dispose of waste in drainage canals, gutters and streets. The rubbish then accumulates to block drainage channels in residential areas and the inhabitants suffer the consequences.
Over the years, studies have shown that rapid population growth and the expansion of urban centres which followed the oil boom in the 1970s and industrialisation came with a modification in the waste stream in the country. This is the result of an increased use of goods to satisfy and meet the needs of the teeming population, culminating into a substantial increase in the amount of wastes generated.
It is thus essential to note that waste generation and population growth operate hand in hand. Waste disposal management has become a major concern despite repeated attempts by successive governments and private organisations to do so. This is why it is common to see piles of rotten garbage in nearly every corner of the country today.
Residential apartments, markets, waterways, motorways, streets and undeveloped land have become landfills for many households. Unsurprisingly, it is generally said that in Nigeria, waste increases are in a geometric progression and collection while disposal are in an arithmetic progression. This requires urgent expertise in waste management, because the primacy of a healthy environment for meaningful and productive work is linked to good waste oversight.
Waste disposal is everyone’s business since we produce it in just about everything we do. In the past, it was considered a resource. This was because the waste that was generated was mainly agricultural and was biodegradable and as such disposal was not a problem as the volume of the product was low, and these agricultural wastes helped to enrich the soil. This is not the case today as waste is a major concern that needs to be addressed urgently rather than considered a resource.
To overcome this challenge, the factors responsible for the poor management of waste disposal must be identified. These include the lack of adequate funding, over-population, lack of a comprehensive legal framework, and the application of existing regulations. Luckily, RIWAMA has not complained of the dirth of adequate funding. As long as these demanding issues are not dealt with appropriately, boldly and diligently by the authorities and those concerned, managing waste disposal in the state will remain a recurring nightmare.
Editorial
Benue Killings: Beyond Tinubu’s Visit

The recent massacre in Yelewata, Benue State, ranks among Nigeria’s deadliest attacks of
2025. While official figures put the death toll at 59, media reports and Amnesty International estimate between 100 and 200 fatalities. This atrocity extends a decade-long pattern of violence in Nigeria’s Middle Belt, where Beacon Security data records 1,043 deaths in Benue alone between May 2023 and May 2025.
President Tinubu’s visit on 18 June—four days after the 14 June attack—has drawn sharp criticism for its lateness. This delay echoes a history of inadequate responses, with Human Rights Watch documenting similar inaction in Plateau and Kaduna states since 2013, fuelling a culture of impunity. The attack lasted over two hours without meaningful security intervention, despite claims of swift action.
The violence bore hallmarks of genocide, with survivors recounting systematic house burnings and executions. More than 2.2 million people have been displaced in the region since 2019 due to comparable attacks. Data show Benue’s agricultural output falls by 0.21 per cent in crops and 0.31 per cent in livestock for every 1 per cent rise in violence.
Security forces continue to underperform. No arrests were made following the Easter attacks in April (56 killed) or May’s Gwer West massacre (42 killed). During his visit, Tinubu questioned publicly why no suspects had been detained four days after Yelewata, highlighting entrenched accountability failures.
The roots of the conflict are complex, with climate change pushing northern herders south and 77 per cent of Benue’s population reliant on agriculture. A Tiv community leader described the violence as “calculated land-grabbing” rather than mere clashes, with over 500 deaths recorded since 2019.
Government interventions have largely fallen short. The 2018 federal task force and 2025 Forest Guards initiative failed to curb violence. Tinubu’s newly announced committee of ex-governors and traditional rulers has been met with scepticism given the litany of past unkept promises.
The economic fallout is severe. Benue’s status as Nigeria’s “food basket” is crumbling as farms are destroyed and farmers displaced. This worsens the nation’s food crisis, with hunger surges in 2023-2024 directly linked to farming disruptions caused by insecurity.
Citizens demanding justice have been met with force; protesters faced police tear gas, and the State Assembly conceded total failure in safeguarding lives, admitting that the governor, deputy, and 32 lawmakers had all neglected their constitutional responsibilities.
The massacre has drawn international condemnation. Pope Leo XIV decried the “terrible massacre,” while the UN called for an investigation. The hashtag “200 Nigerians” trended worldwide on X, with many contrasting Nigeria’s slow response to India’s swift action following a plane crash with similar fatalities.
Nigeria’s centralised security system is clearly overwhelmed. A single police force is tasked with covering 36 states and 774 local government areas for a population exceeding 200 million. Between 2021 and 2023 alone, 29,828 killings and 15,404 kidnappings were recorded nationally. Proposals for state police, floated since January 2025, remain stalled.
Other populous nations offer alternative models. Canada’s provincial police, India’s state forces, and Indonesia’s municipal units demonstrate the effectiveness of decentralised policing. Nigeria’s centralised structure creates intelligence and response gaps, worsened by the distance—both physical and bureaucratic—from Abuja to affected communities.
The immediate aftermath is dire: 21 IDP camps in Benue are overwhelmed, and a humanitarian crisis is deepening. The State Assembly declared three days of mourning (18-20 June), but survivors lack sufficient medical aid. Tragically, many of those killed were already displaced by earlier violence.
A lasting solution requires a multi-pronged approach, including targeted security deployment, regulated grazing land, and full enforcement of Benue’s 2017 Anti-Open Grazing Law. The National Economic Council’s failure to prioritise state police in May 2025 represents a missed chance for reform.
Without decisive intervention, trends suggest conditions will worsen. More than 20,000 Nigerians have been killed and 13,000 kidnapped nationwide in 2025 alone. As Governor Hyacinth Alia stressed during Tinubu’s visit, state police may be the only viable path forward. All 36 states have submitted proposals supporting decentralisation—a crucial step towards breaking Nigeria’s vicious cycle of violence.
Editorial
Responding To Herders’ Threat In Rivers

Editorial
Democracy Day: So Far…

Nigeria’s return to democratic rule in 1999 marked a watershed moment in the nation’s political history. After enduring nearly 16 years of successive military dictatorships, Nigerians embraced a new era of civil governance with the inauguration of President Olusegun Obasanjo on May 29, 1999. Since then, the country has sustained a democratic system for 26 years. But, this democratic journey has been a complex mix of progress and persistent challenges.
The formal recognition of June 12 as Democracy Day in 2018 by former President Muhammadu Buhari acknowledged a long-standing injustice. The annulment of the 1993 presidential election, Nigeria’s freest, betrayed the democratic aspirations of millions. That it took decades to honour this date reflects the nation’s complex relationship with its democratic memory.
One of the most momentous successes of Nigeria’s democracy has been the uninterrupted civilian rule over the last two and a half decades. The country has witnessed seven general elections, with power transferring peacefully among different political parties. This is particularly notable considering that prior to 1999, no civilian government had completed a full term without military intervention. The peaceful transitions in 2007, 2015, and 2023 are testaments to Nigeria’s evolving democratic maturity.
Electoral participation, while uneven, has also reflected a level of democratic engagement. In 2003, voter turnout stood at about 69 per cent, but this figure dropped to approximately 34.75 per cent in 2023, according to the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). Although the declining turnout raises concerns, it also highlights the increasing expectations of the electorate, who demand credible and transparent elections.
Another area of progress is the growth of a vibrant and free press. Nigerian media has played a crucial role in holding governments accountable and fostering public discourse. Investigative journalism and civil society activism have exposed corruption and human rights abuses. The rise of social media has further expanded the democratic space, enabling young Nigerians to mobilise and advocate for change, as evidenced by the 2020 #EndSARS protests.
Judicial independence has seen mixed results. On one hand, the judiciary has occasionally demonstrated resilience, such as in landmark rulings that overturned fraudulent elections or curtailed executive excesses. On the other hand, allegations of political interference and corruption within the judiciary persist, undermining public confidence in the legal system’s impartiality.
Nigeria’s democracy has also facilitated the decentralisation of power through the federal system. State governments now wield some autonomy, allowing for experimentation in governance and service delivery. While this has led to innovative policies in some states, it has also entrenched patronage networks and uneven development across the federation.
Despite these successes, Nigeria’s democratic journey faces formidable problems. Electoral integrity remains a critical concern. Reports from election observers, including those from the European Union and ECOWAS, frequently highlight issues such as vote-buying, ballot box snatching, and violence. The introduction of the Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS) and electronic transmission of results in 2023 elections showed promise, but technical glitches and alleged manipulations dampened public trust.
Corruption continues to be a pervasive issue. Nigeria ranks 145th out of 180 countries on Transparency International’s 2023 Corruption Perceptions Index, with a score of 25/100. Democratic institutions meant to check graft—such as anti-corruption agencies and the legislature—often struggle due to political interference and weak enforcement mechanisms.
Security challenges have also strained Nigeria’s democracy. Insurgency in the North East, banditry in the North West, separatist agitations in the South East, and herder-farmer conflicts across the Middle Belt have collectively resulted in thousands of deaths and displacements. According to the Global Terrorism Index 2024, Nigeria ranks as the eighth most impacted country by terrorism. The government’s difficulty in ensuring safety erodes public confidence in the state’s capacity and legitimacy.
The economy poses another critical remonstrance. Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita stands at approximately $2,400 as of 2024, with over 40 per cent of the population living below the national poverty line. High unemployment and inflation have fueled discontent and disillusionment with democratic governance, especially among youth. Without addressing economic grievances, the democratic dividend will remain elusive for many Nigerians.
Ethnic and religious divisions further complicate Nigeria’s democratic consolidation. Politicians often exploit identity politics for electoral gains, exacerbating social tensions. Although federal character principles aim to promote inclusiveness, they have also sometimes fostered a quota mentality rather than merit-based appointments.
Gender representation remains inadequate in Nigeria’s democratic institutions. Women occupy less than 10 per cent of seats in the National Assembly, one of the lowest rates globally. Efforts to pass gender parity bills have faced stiff resistance, highlighting deep-seated cultural and institutional barriers to female political participation.
Civil liberties, while constitutionally guaranteed, are under threat. Crackdowns on protesters, restrictions on press freedom, and surveillance of activists reveal an authoritarian streak within the democratic framework. The controversial Twitter ban in 2021 exemplified the country’s willingness to curb digital freedoms, prompting domestic and international criticism.
The political crisis in Rivers State embodies broader democratic struggles. Attempts to control the state through undemocratic means expose weaknesses in federal institutions and the rule of law. Immediate restoration of democratic governance in Rivers State is vital to preserving Nigeria’s democratic integrity and institutional credibility.
Local governments remain under the control of state governors, depriving citizens of grassroots democracy. Last year’s Supreme Court judgment on local government autonomy is promising, but state-level resistance threatens its implementation. Genuine autonomy would bring governance closer to the people and foster democratic innovation.
As we mark Democracy Day, we must honour the sacrifices of Chief M.K.O. Abiola, Kudirat Abiola, Femi Falana, Chief Gani Fawehinmi, Pa Alfred Rewane, President Bola Tinubu, and countless others, who fought for Nigeria’s freedom. As democracy in Nigeria continues to evolve after 26 years, this day should inspire action toward its renewal. With despotism and state failure as real threats, both citizens and leaders must take responsibility—citizens by demanding more, and leaders by delivering. Excuses are no longer acceptable.
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