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Chocolate And Brain Health

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Cocoa, especially if it is minimally processed, contains high levels of health enhancing antioxidant flavnols – a distinct group of naturally occurring compounds that can be found in a variety of foods such as tea and red wine.
Now, a recent study has shown how this protection can extend to the brain.
It is normal for cognitive function to slightly deteriorate with age. Memory capacity begins to worsen, along with processing speed and the ability to form long-term memories. This decline is different from the cognitive decline that signals possible dementia. Finding a way to slow it down is becoming increasingly important as our population ages.
While previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of cocoa flavanols for people suffering from mild cognitive impairment, the current study focused on healthy people experiencing the usual mental wear and tear that comes with older age.
The researchers, from Italy’s University of L’Aquila and chocolate company Mars enrolled men and women aged 61-85 years with no evidence of cognitive dysfunction, the participants in this controlled, randomised, double-blind study were assigned to one of three groups and given a cocoa drink to consume daily for 8 weeks.
The drinks were nutritionally matched except for their flavanol content which was either high (993 mg), intermediate (520 mg) or low (48 mg).
Significant improvements
The high- and intermediate-flavanol cocoa drinks were produced, using Mars’ Cocoapro®, a specially prepared, though not commercially available, flavanol-rich powder, while the low-flavanol drink was made with a highly processed, alkalised cocoa powder that you might find in everyday cocoa products.
Other than the inclusion of the test drink, normal diets and regular lifestyle were maintained throughout the study.
At the start of the study and again after eight weeks, cognitive function was assessed using a battery of tests that examined memory, retention, recall, as well as executive function. Among those individuals who regularly consumed either the high- or intermediate-flavanol drinks, there were significant improvements in overall cognitive function after only eight weeks.
The volunteers, who drank either the high- or medium-flavanol drinks showed significant improvements in their overall cognitive function after only eight weeks. Plus, the group showed reduced blood pressure and improved insulin resistance. The researchers believe these positive results may be due, in part, to improved vascular function.
Study shows that even cognitively healthy individuals can quickly benefit from the regular inclusion of cocoa flavanols in their diets.
In addition to evaluating cognitive function, the researchers also monitored insulin resistance, blood pressure and other metabolic markers. Excitingly, there was also evidence of improvements in these cardiometabolic outcomes.
In the high- and intermediate-flavanol groups, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were reduced and insulin resistance was significantly improved. In contrast, only a modest improvement in diastolic blood pressure was observed in the low-flavanol group, with no significant improvements in either systolic blood pressure or insulin resistance among the consumers of the low-flavanol drink.
It is not yet fully understood how cocoa flavanols bring about improvements in cognitive function, but the study’s authors suggest that the improvements in insulin resistance and blood pressure could be revealing.
“Earlier studies suggest a central role for insulin resistance in brain aging,” said Dr Giovambattista Desideri, lead author on the paper. “These results could therefore provide some insight into a possible mechanism of action for the cognitive improvements we have observed.”
CULLED FROM NATURAL HEALTH NEWS

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RSU To Commence Entrepreneurship School

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The authorities of the Rivers State University (RSU) have disclosed plans to unveil a full Department of Entrepreneurship Studies , the Vice Chancellor has said.
The Vice Chancellor of the university, Prof NlerumOkogbule made the plans public while playing host to the State Council of the Nigeria Union of Journalists (NUJ) led by it is Chairman, Comrade Stanley Job Stanley during this year’s World Press Freedom Day Celebration.
Prof. Okogbule said already the plans are in advanced stages, as the lnstitution is now putting emphasis on business skills as a way of empowering its graduates.
The vice chancellor observed that entrepreneurship remainS a sure path to transform society,” the purpose is to empower our graduates and make them self reliant…and we recognise the importance of our graduates to having employable skills.”
Acknowledging the importance of the media in advancing society, the Rivers State University vice chancellor opined that no society grows without information, hence, the institution accords recognition to the media.
He reiterated the position of the university to partner with the NUJ in areas of training, and human resource development.
Already he noted that the former Mass Communication Department formerly with the Faculty of  Management Sciences has now been unbundled and made a full Faculty of Media Studies with departments in various aspects of Mass Communication.
Earlier, Chairman of the State NUJ, Comrade Stanley Job Stanley lauded the university for its commitment to human capital development and research.
He said the NUJ has always been a friend and partner of the university, leading to the pioneering and founding of the Department of Mass Communication in the Institution.

The State NUJ Chairman while urging the university to maintain its high standard emphasized the need to focus on producing manpower that are self reliant and contribute to society.

Comrade Stanley said lack of skills has made many graduates to go into crime and as such the need to refocus on self reliance education.

By: Kevin Nengia

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Malaria Accounts For  30 % Of Childhood Deaths-NMEP

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The National Malaria Elimination Programme(NMEP) has reported that Malaria accounts for 60 per cent of outpatient visits to health facilities across the country and 30 per cent of childhood deaths.
Globally, there are an estimated 249 million Malaria cases and 608,000 Malaria deaths among 85 countries.
Nigeria’s Ministry of Health and Social Welfare made the statistics at the key health players and experts to reevaluate its approach and strategies.
The event themed, “Ministerial Roundtable Meeting: Rethinking Malaria Elimination in Nigeria,” featured representatives from national and international health organisations, who analysed the country’s anti-malaria strategies over the past years.
Over the years, Nigeria has made continuous attempts to reduce its malaria burden to zero, however, the country still has the highest burden of malaria globally.
According to the 2022 World Malaria Report, Nigeria contributes about 27 per cent of the global burden of the disease, and about 31.3 per cent of deaths, the largest globally.
Experts speak recommending new approaches to fighting the epidemic, stakeholders and experts present at the event urged the government to reduce its dependence on external funding and improve government financing.
According to them, Nigeria needs to accelerate its effort to eliminate malaria by increasing the funds allocated to the malaria elimination programme annually.
A Senior Associate at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Soji Adeyi, said Nigeria should begin to increase internal funding for malaria elimination.
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Similarly, Abdu Muktar, the National Coordinator of the Presidential Healthcare Initiative, called for the local production and manufacturing of medical supplies and for reducing the country’s dependence on drug imports.
According to him, the local production of anti-malaria and related medication will consider the peculiarity of the country’s terrain, population, and burden and would improve access to effective treatment.
The Regional Director of the WHO, African Region, Matshidiso Moeti, advised the country to accelerate its efforts to end Malaria by relying on adequate data for the implementation of health policies.
She urged the Nigerian authorities to increase data availability and access for the government agencies at national and subnational levels, and also for the use of the public.
Ms Moeti maintained that Nigeria must invest in data to get a clear understanding of the health issues in its rural communities

She said: “For Nigeria to accelerate its efforts, it needs to invest more in data from local communities across the country to know exactly what is going on there.

“We need to be sure that the data we have is viable, so we need to invest, starting from the local level. This will improve efficiency and reduce fragmentation.

“We have technology today that can help us improve some of the ways we are dealing with data in the health sector. We can use data to identify the location that needs intervention. This calls for collective intervention.”

Some of the stakeholders suggested that the country should improve its leadership and coordination to efficiently capture every corner of the country burdened by mosquito-borne disease.

According to the Director of Public Health, Chukwuma Ayandike, Nigeria, with proper coordination and leadership, will be able to achieve its target of zero malaria.

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What we are doing- Minister
The Coordinating Minister of Health and Social Welfare, Mohammed Pate, said more needs to be done to fight malaria in the country.

He said the country is deploying tools that are available, safe, and effective for the population to improve their health.

Mr Pate said: “This is in line with the president’s agenda. We intend to deploy all tools that can control the spread of malaria; we intend to deploy nets, testing, and treatments of malaria. We also intend to provide affordable antimalarial drugs”.

Mr Pate further disclosed that the government also intends to use political and traditional leaders and private sector leaders in the fight against malaria in remote parts of the country.

“The country also needs to prioritise the use of a driven approach to accelerate progress, as well as better financing and better partnership to eliminate malaria with private organisations,” the minister added.

Malaria in Nigeria
Malaria transmission within the country is high and even higher in rural communities situated by the banks of major rivers and water bodies.

The disease is caused by tiny parasites called Plasmodium, often found in mosquitoes.

When an infected mosquito bites a person, it transfers these parasites into the bloodstream. The parasites then travel to the liver and multiply. After a few days, they reenter the bloodstream and infect red blood cells, causing the symptoms of malaria, such as fever, chills, and flu-like illness.

The National Malaria Elimination Programme(NMEP) reported that Malaria accounts for 60 per cent of outpatient visits to health facilities across the country and 30 per cent of childhood deaths.

Globally, there are an estimated 249 million malaria cases and 608,000 malaria deaths among 85 countries.

The African region carries a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden.

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RSG Plans Fresh Training For TBAs

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Plans are in the works by the authorities in the Rivers State Ministry of Health to conduct training for Traditional Birth Attendants(TBAs) in the State.
State Commissioner for Health, Dr. Adaeze Oreh gave the hint while chatting with newsmen recently in Port Harcourt.
She said the training has become crucial to school the TBAs on methods and measures to complement in maternal health care.
In her words,”  We are aware of of their roles, but we need to be confident that they can still play that role, especially the skills set needed to complement what government is doing.’’
Dr. Oreh explained that maternal and child care has evolved, hence, the TBAs need to be schooled,” we want them to scale up their skills, especially on high risk pregnancies.”
She continued, “ We want to make sure that our system mops up those high risk pregnancies, because we know that many of them carry out clandestine activities they are not helping us.”
Assuring of improved manpower in the State health sector, Dr. Oreh said the Governor Siminalayi Fubara administration has embarked on fresh recruitment exercise for health workers to meet current challenges.
She assured that once the recruitment exercise is completed, the various health centres and hospitals will be staffed with qualified manpower to provide efficient health services in the State.

Kevin Nengia

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