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Crude Theft, A Rape On Nigeria’s Economy

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It is mostly referred to as oil bunkering while at other times the adjective “illegal” is added to make it explicit. But what aptly describes this act is “Theft” though still on a mild note considering how dastardly the act is.

Crude oil theft in Nigeria has been on the increase as it is estimated to have caused the country to lose about $7 billion (N1.13 trillion) annually. An average of about 150,000 barrels of crude oil per day is said to be stolen through pipelines hacking at different locations and varying sizes of ships are used to convey it to international market and sold there at a rather cheaper rate.

Journalists were earlier this year taken on a helicopter overfly across the Tora Mainfold, Santa Barbara River, SEGO Bille, Cawthorne Channel and Alakiri all in Rivers and Bayelsa States to confirm the thriving crude oil theft activities taking place at these locations.

“It is difficult to sustain production in the circumstances as we to have to shut down when a facility trips and fix the cause before restart. This happened three times just between the 26th and 30th of January”, an operator of the line explained to newsmen during the overfly.

Buttressing the number of barrels lost to these organised criminals, Shell’s Executive Vice President, Sub-Saharan Africa, Ian Craig told his audience during a technical session at the last Nigerian Oil and Gas Conference (NOG) that this incidence is at present costing Nigeria about 150,000 barrels of crude oil daily. This calls for concern as the neighbouring Ghana with its 120,000 barrels daily per day is making robust plans towards national development with enthusiasm while Nigeria is losing well over 120,000 barrels to oil thieves and no drastic action is taken.

In the same vein, Mrs Diezani Allison-Madueke, the Minister of Petroleum Resources, had at a stakeholders’ meeting in Lagos raised an alarm saying about $5 billion (N810 billion) was spent in the last one year on pipeline repairs culminating to about $12 billion (N1.9 trillion) lost to oil thieves. A whooping amount such as this would have gone along way to address the pressing infrastructural development challenges that are affecting the growth of the economy if the menace is given the required attention.

It was reported recently that over 200 vessels were transacting illegal business on our territorial waters.

According to a top security official the report said these 200 vessels engaged in oil bunkering, illegal fishing, piracy and sea robbery among other vices.

And of course this nefarious activities are perpetrated by some unscrupulous Nigerians in connivance with some foreigners who infiltrate our territorial water ways.

In this colossal loss, the worst hit among the multinationals operating in the country is Shell, the nation’s largest upstream operator. The firm’s footprints traverse all parts of the Niger Delta region being the first oil major to begin exploration and exploitation of crude in the region.

Addressing media Executives in Port Harcourt Shell’s manager, Government & Community Relations, Fufeyin Funkakpo explained that the firm’s operations were divided into two regions; East and West using a river in the middle to dissect the operational regions.

According to Funkakpo the first is the Trans Niger Pipeline (TNP) which begins from Bonny Island cutting across Rumuekpe, Bayelsa, Egbema, Ebubu to Ogoni areas to Bomu and back to Bonny like a loop.

The second, he explained further is the Nembe Creek Coastal Trunkline (NCTL) that connects the flow stations in the Nembe areas through the famous Cawthorne Channel and ends in Bonny. The crude oil that accounts for 95 per cent of foreign earning which sustains 80 per cent of the national budget is mostly carried by the two pipelines.

These pipelines are regarded as the nation’s economic arteries as they help Nigeria to generate a GDP of $415 billion positioning it as the world’s 31st largest economy.

The nation’s foreign reserves which grew to $36 billion in the past year is attributed to these pipelines. This two livewires of  the nation’s economy are the ones that are constantly under the attacks of oil thieves and whenever this rape was brought before the public domain government seems to turn deaf ear to it.

It is gathered that it has taken numerous steps to save these economic livewires of the country including the decision of the federal government to set up the JTF to the firm’s mulling the idea of technical solutions through pipeline alerts.

This, however, seems not to have yielded the desired fruits, as the Anglo-Datuch group, said last week that it may not meet the contractual obligations on certain exports from Nigeria because of theft and damage to key pipelines in the Niger Delta region.

Shell’s Nigerian joint venture (SPDCJV) declared force majeure on Bonny and forecados according to a statement by the company.

“Bonny loadings are affected as a result of production deferment caused by the fire incident on bunkering ship on the Bomu – Bonny Trunkline and production deferment from a third party producer because of flooding”, the statement said.

The firm noted that export from forcados were affected by damage caused by suspected bunkering on the trans forcados pipeline and the Brass creek trunkline.

Beside illegal bunkering, there is the official theft where it is alleged that Expert clearance Permit are fabricated.

According to a report, crude oil worth $1.6 billion with fabricated Export Clearance Permit was reported to be allegedly exported by the Nigeria National Petroleum Company (NNPC).

A letter to the President which was attributed to Dr. Olusegun Aganga said a forged crude oil and gas Export Clearance Permit, No: CO/28/Vol.V111/09 that was purportedly issued by the Federal Ministry of trade and Investment to NNPC for shipment of 24 million barrels of crude oil and gas in the third quarter (July to September) 2012 was discovered.

The Minister explained that the matter was officially reported to the office of the Economic and Financial crimes commission (EFCC) for investigation and it was revealed during investigation that one of the permits was forged as it was not issued from his office and did not bear the security features that were built into the original permit forms.

Although, the management of NNPC dissociated itself from the allegation and described it as false and baseless.

NNPC said in a statement signed by the acting Group General Manager Public Affairs of the Corporation, Mr. Fidel Pepple, that all crude oil and gas exports by it follow a rigid and established guideline.

“We have always and continued to follow existing requirements for exporting crude oil and gas from the country. The process is complex and involves the Ministry of trade and Investment, the Ministry of Petroleum Resources, the DPR, and the Nigerian Customs Service”, Pepple noted.

Also worrisome is the high level of frauds going on in the oil and gas industry.

A recent report by the Petroleum Revenue Special Task Force headed by Nuhu Ribadu revealed that Nigeria has lost out on tens of billions of dollars in oil and gas revenues over the last decades from cut price deals struck between multi-national oil companies and government officials.

The committee which was set up by the Minister of Petroleum Resources, Mrs Diezani Allison-Madueke in a confidential 146 – page report provided new revelation on the long history of corruption in the industry and highlighted that ; “Nigeria loses out on $29 bn on cut-price gas deals; state-oil company sells itself cheap oil and gas; oil ministers hand out discretionary oil licences; hundreds of millions in missing bonuses, royalties; traders buy crude oil without formal contracts.”

The report concluded that oil majors, Shell, Total and Eni made bumper profits from cut-price gas, while Nigerian oil Ministers handed out licences at their own discretion. This, while not illegal, did not follow best practice of using open bids.

Hundreds of millions of dollars in signature bonuses on those deals were also missing, the report said.

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NSCDC’s Anti-Vandal Squad Uncovers Artisanal Refinery In Rivers Community

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The Anti-Vandal Squad of the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC), Rivers State Command, has uncovered yet another local refinery situated at Adobi-Akwa settlement in Etche Local Government Area of Rivers State.
The State Commandant, Basil Igwebueze, disclosed this while speaking to journalists shortly after the tour of the Illegal site.
Represented by the Head, Anti-Vandal Squad, CSC Peters Ibiso, Igwebueze said the squad made the discovery following a tipp off, expressing regret that no arrest was made as the  boys fled the site upon sighting the squad.
The cammandant’s representative took the newsmen across a tick forest of about 6-7 kilometers from the main town.
The team sighted where the pipeline vandals tapped into the Well Head of yet to be ascertained multinational company, connected their galvanised pipes to several cooking pots, heat up the crude to produce Automotive Gas Oil (AGO).
In his words, “Upon receiving a tip-off, the Anti-Vandal operatives swung into action to uncover this illegal oil bunkering site. They were in this forest for two days having cordoned the area, unfortunately, the perpetrators upon sighting our men took to their heels, but investigation is still ongoing to effect the arrests of such defiant elements”.
The Anti-Vandal Unit Head further narrated the operation techniques of the operators of local illegal refineries from the point of extraction of crude through vandalism of oil pipelines to cooking in various ovens where the content is subjected to high temperature and transmitted through pipes to reservoirs for storage and onward trans- loading to buyers.
While insisting that the command would not relent in the fight against illegal dealings in petroleum products, he urged the public to have more trust in the NSCDC by providing actionable intelligence that would enhance possible arrest of economic saboteurs in the State.
“Our commitment to continuously work in tandem with the prosecutorial mandate of the corps in order to rid the State of economic saboteurs remains unchanged. We value our informants and most especially the intelligence driven tip-off received from time to time.
“It is also our duty to ensure that our source of information are not disclosed so as to protect our informants. It is therefore our delight that the public will continue to have confidence and trust in us as we together protect the nation’s critical national assets and infrastructure from dare devil vandals”, he stated.

By: Lady Godknows Ogbulu

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Oil Fund Withdrawals Suggest Extended Price Rally

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The world’s largest crude oil exchange-traded fund has bled over $2 billion in less than a year. And it i
s not due to investors finding greener pastures elsewhere with other ETFs; it is the siren call of soaring prices that is prompting this mass exodus.
The WisdomTree Brent Crude Oil exchange-traded commodity had assets under management of some $2.5 billion last summer, according to Bloomberg. Now, the publication reports, this is down to $396 million, with withdrawals accelerating over the past few days.
In that, withdrawals seem to be following price trends. Brent earlier this month topped $90 per barrel and, after a short pause earlier this week, is back above that threshold again following the latest Israeli strike on the Gaza Strip amid reports about a possible ceasefire.
While it is true that prices are currently driven higher mainly by geopolitical events, fundamentals are also at play. A growing number of forecasters are updating their predictions for benchmarks this year on expectations of resilient demand and increasingly tighter supply. And investors are following the trend.
Even those who have not sold their ETF holdings in order to invest more directly in the rally are benefitting. That same WisdomTree Brent Crude Oil ETC generated returns of over 13 percent during the first quarter of the year as opposed to an average 8.8% gain in the S&P 500.
The WisdomTree exchange-traded commodity became the world’s largest oil fund at the beginning of last year. The fund saw inflows of over $1 billion, which poured in as the deflation in oil prices that had begun in late 2022 extended into the new year. Now, the trend has reversed and it has reversed strongly.
The WisdomTree Brent Crude Oil ETC is not the only fund seeing outflows. The U.S. Oil Fund, which used to be the world’s biggest oil fund before the WisdomTree inflows last year and is now the world’s biggest oil fund once again, also saw a flurry of investor exits as benchmarks climbed higher.
According to Bloomberg, the fund’s assets under management currently stand at $1.3 billion, down from some $5 billion during the pandemic.
In further evidence that oil makes money, the Middle East is about to become the only region in the world with three trillion-dollar sovereign wealth funds. The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority is worth $993 billion, Bloomberg reported in March, while the Saudi Public Investment Fund and the Kuwait Investment Authority are breathing down its neck.
Meanwhile, investment in transition-related stocks is on the decline, according to data reported by Reuters. The S&P Global Clean Energy Index is down by 10% since the start of the year. In comparison, the S&P 500 Energy Index, which comprises Big Oil names, has gained 16.3%.
The data shows that investors are growing wary of all the promises made by transition advocates as evidence mounts that these were not based on due diligence. Wind and solar stocks suffered a crash last year when this first became clear.
Now, we are witnessing a continued awakening among investors to the challenges and the realistic potential of transition technology and alternative energy sources.
“With conventional energy having its own bull run, I think the alternative funds will struggle for the foreseeable future, and we shall see what the election brings”,  the Managing Director of capital markets at Phoenix Capital Group Holdings told Reuters.
The comment summarizes the challenging situation for alternative energy investment and highlights the rebound of interest in oil and gas, much to the chagrin of decision-makers on both sides of the Atlantic.
In both Europe and the U.S., things can get even worse for the transition after the respective elections—in June for European Parliament and in November for U.S. President. It will certainly be an interesting year in energy.
Slav writes for oilprice.

By: Irina Slav

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CNG Initiative: FG Targets 25,000 Jobs, $2.5bn Investment 

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The Programme Director and Chief Executive, Presidential Compressed Natural Gas Initiatives, Michael Oluwagbemi, has announced the Federal Government’s plan to target over 25,000 jobs and $2.5 billion worth of investment by 2027.
Oluwagbemi made this known during the Presidential CNG stakeholders’ engagement workshop held at BOVAS Auto-Gas Filling Stations, Ajibode Bus-Stop, in Ibadan, Oyo State capital, at the weekend.
He stated that the initiative, which was part of palliative measures to ease the burden of the removal of fuel subsidy, would attract enormous investment and job creation as well as impact positively on the lives of Nigerians.
Meanwhile, he called on Nigerians to embrace the new initiatives by the Federal Government as part of palliatives to cushion the effect of the removal of fuel subsidy in the country.
“On October 1, 2023, when the President gave his speech, he announced that the Presidential CNG initiatives are going to be rolled out as part of palliatives on the removal of fuel subsidy.
“One of our major concerns is to make sure that the transition for the transportation sector is a cheaper, safer, and more reliable source of energy.
“In the coming weeks, we are going to be announcing the conversion incentives programme which will enable Nigerians currently using PMS and Diesel fuel vehicles to be able to convert their vehicles at designated places across the country at a discounted price based on certain pre-qualification under the palliative programme of the Federal Government”, he said.
On the value chain of the initiative, Oluwagbemi explained that the Federal Ministry of Finance is acquiring tricycles and buses that would be assembled and manufactured in Nigeria, with more than five automobile firms being activated.
“The value chain of the programme starts with every one of us. From the point of converting your vehicle, you have created the demand for natural gas.
“If your vehicle is converted by technicians and refuelled by autogas workshops across the country, then you are creating jobs for civil engineers and technicians. You’re creating jobs for the upstream in terms of upstream activities associated with oil and gas.
“And in line with the programme, the Federal Ministry of Finance is acquiring a number of tricycles and buses that will be assembled and manufactured in Nigeria. More than five of our automobile firms have been activated. So, you can see that in terms of job creation, the opportunities for Nigerians are enormous.
“The President has said we need to convert one million vehicles by 2027. We need 1,000 conversion shops and we need over 3,000 filing stations just like this. You can imagine the level of investment required for this.
“In order to sustain one million vehicle conversions by 2027, we need 25,000 technicians. So, the job creation potential is an opportunity for job creation in addition to our gross domestic product, $2.5 billion worth of investment to be mobilised in the next four years and of course more than $25 billion added to our GDP”, he said.
Oluwagbemi further called on Nigerians to embrace the new initiatives by the Federal Government as part of palliatives to cushion the effect of the removal of fuel subsidy in the country.
The representative of BOVAS Filling Station, a private investor in the Presidential CNG Initiatives, Temitope Samson, said, “We have worked with the regulators, we are also working with the Presidential Initiatives on CNG to make sure that standard safety is adhered to. We have also worked with the Standard Organisation of Nigeria to ensure that we have a standard accepted internationally.
“Our role is to ensure that there is availability of CNG across the nation, and to also ensure we have enough kits and tanks that are converted for people to use as many as possible, and to ensure safety and to train others so that anywhere they get to, they have very safe conversion”.
Recall that last year, President Bola Tinubu approved the Presidential Compressed Natural Gas initiative(PCNG-i)
This initiative aims to not only introduce more than 11,500 new CNG-enabled vehicles and provide 55,000 CNG conversion kits for existing vehicles that depend on Premium Motor Spirit but also promote local manufacturing, assembly, and job creation.

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