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Another Look At The Nigerian Content Act

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The Nigerian Content Development Act was signed into law in
2010 to achieve the domestication of significant portion of derivatives of the
oil and gas industry by ensuring the development and deliberate use of
indigenous human and material resources in the industry in Nigeria. It is
targeted at the adding value to the nation’s economy through the systematic
development capacity and  capabilities by
using Nigerian human and material resources, and services in the industry.

The Act says Nigerian Independent Operators shall be given
first consideration in the award of oil blocks, oil licenses, oil lifting
licenses and all projects that have to do with oil blocks and oil licenses
particularly.

The intention of the Act therefore, is to build the Nigerian
Content by making it mandatory that some jobs in the industry are done in
country by Nigerians using Nigerian materials.

No doubt, the enactment of this Act ushered in a new era in
the oil and gas as prior to the Act, equipment used in the industry were
usually designed, fabricated and assembled abroad thus leading to capital
flight and export of jobs. There was a preponderance of expatriate workers
resulting to scarcity of jobs, paucity of skills  and capacity building and utilization of
Nigerian workforce, culminating to economic under-development in the country.

Agreed, the law gave local entrepreneurs like Niger Dock,
Ladol, Daewoo, Saipem, LoneStar, Adamac among others the confidence to venture
into areas that hitherto were the exclusive preserve of multinational
companies.

According to the Executive Secretary of the Nigerian Content
Development and Monitoring Board (NCDMB), Engr. Ernest Nwapa represented by
Wole Akinyosoye the Act has to say the least opened a floodgate of acativities
in the industry which has resulted to a surge in indigenous capacity in the
industry.

Be that as it may, there still exist some gray areas that
need to be given some consideration. In terms of giving priority to indigenous
operators which the Act talked about, it is not explicit on the process which
the preferential treatment should be done.

For instance, on the list of 2012 to 2013 Crude Oil Contract
Holders, most of the companies have links with foreign owners while in some
cases an holder will be replicated but with different names.

There is also institutional problem as Nigerian National
Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) dominates contract allotment. So how and where
does the NCDMB come in, in terms of giving contracts.

Another gray area in the Act is the downstream Sector which
is the major concern of his piece. The downstream sector is not covered. Dr.
Eddie Wikina, while presenting a paper on “Promoting the Nigerian Content
through Deregulation of the Downstream Sector” at the just concluded Port
Harcourt International Oil and Gas Conference in Port Harcourt, noted that the
Act was restrictive as it does not cover the downstream sector of the
industry   Dr. Wikina who is the managing
director of Treasure Energy Resource limited, a Rivers State Government oil and
gas firm, argued that in terms of Upstream business in the industry as touching
expatriate quota and using Nigerian materials, the Act has faired well but
nothing in the downstream.

The scope of the Act which is restricted to the upstream
sector, according to the oil and gas guru include services from within Nigeria,
goods manufactured in Nigeria, training and employment of Nigerians, location
of project office in catchment area or community, tax incentives for local
manufacturing, all fabrication and welding activities, insurance, legal and
financial activities.

He explained that
anybody who wants to build a downstream plant that is capable of employing up
to 5000 people in the country can do it with 100 per cent foreign labour,
foreign materials, foreign services and nobody will raise an eyebrow because
there is no law that says they must use Nigerian materials and services.

He pointed out that the downstream which has to do with
among others processing that convert oil nad gas into useful products including
distillation, cracking, reforming, blending,
storage, mixing and shipping has some regulatory control issues.

Some of the regulatory control issues, the TERL boss pointed
out were monopoly, closed market, price manipulation, lack of innovation,
investment block, value erosion, inefficient operations, foreign import
dependent, smuggling inter alia.

He therefore, recommended the review of the Act to
explicitly cover the downstream sector as this will open more opportunities for
participation of local indigenous operators and service providers thus leading
to growth of the Nigerian Content Development.

For instance, the coordinator of the 6th Nigerian Dredging
Summit, Exhibition and Award, Mr. Edmund Chilaka quoted NCDMB as saying that
$20billion oil and gas projects in the country were owned by foreigners and
noted that out of this whooping sum, only a paltry sum of less than $4 billion
was retained in Nigeria.

His words: “An estimate of over 150 times more jobs are
created in other countries than in Nigeria when Nigerian projects are being
executed.

“Ownership profile of marine assets supporting industry
activities has a current ratio of about 230 foreign owned vessels to a pitiable
20 Nigerian owned.”

Scenarios like the one painted above could be changed by
making the Act to cover the downstream as advocated by Dr. Wikina.

The TERL MD also recommended a full deregulation of the
downstream which would see government releasing the control on product prices.
He said it will open the market for more investors to come into the sector and
the emergence of more production facilities. Countries like Peru, Argentina,
Pakistan, Chile, Philippines, Thailand, Mexico, Canada, Venezuela, Japan,
United States of America (USA) among others have undergone complete
deregulation leading to a turn around of their economies. Government’s roles in
these countries have been drastically reduced thus giving greater freedom for
operators in the industry to operate and thrive which create room for healthy
competition and naturally drive down costs.

He enjoined government to completely end control on the
sector to allow independent operators to come in and money saved from subsidy
could be reinvested in local industries or used to support those ready to build
independent processing plants. And to a great extent add the much desired value
to the nation’s economy.

Federal Governments, he suggested should make funds
affordable by making investors in the industry have access to low interest rate
loans as this would serve as encouragement for them to venture into the
industry.

Commenting on the
difficulty of accessing funds by indigenous players in the industry, the
managing director of Harrybeath International Services Limited, Engr Agha Abani
said “You see the Nigerian government has good intentions to build capacity but
the problem most Nigerian companies have is in funding; we still have problems
of getting the required funding from the Banks. In the Western world, it is
much easier for them to finance this kind of projects but here in Nigeria it is
very difficult to get funding from the banks. So this is an area that has to be
looked at.”

 

Vivian-Peace Nwinaene

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NSCDC’s Anti-Vandal Squad Uncovers Artisanal Refinery In Rivers Community

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The Anti-Vandal Squad of the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC), Rivers State Command, has uncovered yet another local refinery situated at Adobi-Akwa settlement in Etche Local Government Area of Rivers State.
The State Commandant, Basil Igwebueze, disclosed this while speaking to journalists shortly after the tour of the Illegal site.
Represented by the Head, Anti-Vandal Squad, CSC Peters Ibiso, Igwebueze said the squad made the discovery following a tipp off, expressing regret that no arrest was made as the  boys fled the site upon sighting the squad.
The cammandant’s representative took the newsmen across a tick forest of about 6-7 kilometers from the main town.
The team sighted where the pipeline vandals tapped into the Well Head of yet to be ascertained multinational company, connected their galvanised pipes to several cooking pots, heat up the crude to produce Automotive Gas Oil (AGO).
In his words, “Upon receiving a tip-off, the Anti-Vandal operatives swung into action to uncover this illegal oil bunkering site. They were in this forest for two days having cordoned the area, unfortunately, the perpetrators upon sighting our men took to their heels, but investigation is still ongoing to effect the arrests of such defiant elements”.
The Anti-Vandal Unit Head further narrated the operation techniques of the operators of local illegal refineries from the point of extraction of crude through vandalism of oil pipelines to cooking in various ovens where the content is subjected to high temperature and transmitted through pipes to reservoirs for storage and onward trans- loading to buyers.
While insisting that the command would not relent in the fight against illegal dealings in petroleum products, he urged the public to have more trust in the NSCDC by providing actionable intelligence that would enhance possible arrest of economic saboteurs in the State.
“Our commitment to continuously work in tandem with the prosecutorial mandate of the corps in order to rid the State of economic saboteurs remains unchanged. We value our informants and most especially the intelligence driven tip-off received from time to time.
“It is also our duty to ensure that our source of information are not disclosed so as to protect our informants. It is therefore our delight that the public will continue to have confidence and trust in us as we together protect the nation’s critical national assets and infrastructure from dare devil vandals”, he stated.

By: Lady Godknows Ogbulu

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Oil Fund Withdrawals Suggest Extended Price Rally

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The world’s largest crude oil exchange-traded fund has bled over $2 billion in less than a year. And it i
s not due to investors finding greener pastures elsewhere with other ETFs; it is the siren call of soaring prices that is prompting this mass exodus.
The WisdomTree Brent Crude Oil exchange-traded commodity had assets under management of some $2.5 billion last summer, according to Bloomberg. Now, the publication reports, this is down to $396 million, with withdrawals accelerating over the past few days.
In that, withdrawals seem to be following price trends. Brent earlier this month topped $90 per barrel and, after a short pause earlier this week, is back above that threshold again following the latest Israeli strike on the Gaza Strip amid reports about a possible ceasefire.
While it is true that prices are currently driven higher mainly by geopolitical events, fundamentals are also at play. A growing number of forecasters are updating their predictions for benchmarks this year on expectations of resilient demand and increasingly tighter supply. And investors are following the trend.
Even those who have not sold their ETF holdings in order to invest more directly in the rally are benefitting. That same WisdomTree Brent Crude Oil ETC generated returns of over 13 percent during the first quarter of the year as opposed to an average 8.8% gain in the S&P 500.
The WisdomTree exchange-traded commodity became the world’s largest oil fund at the beginning of last year. The fund saw inflows of over $1 billion, which poured in as the deflation in oil prices that had begun in late 2022 extended into the new year. Now, the trend has reversed and it has reversed strongly.
The WisdomTree Brent Crude Oil ETC is not the only fund seeing outflows. The U.S. Oil Fund, which used to be the world’s biggest oil fund before the WisdomTree inflows last year and is now the world’s biggest oil fund once again, also saw a flurry of investor exits as benchmarks climbed higher.
According to Bloomberg, the fund’s assets under management currently stand at $1.3 billion, down from some $5 billion during the pandemic.
In further evidence that oil makes money, the Middle East is about to become the only region in the world with three trillion-dollar sovereign wealth funds. The Abu Dhabi Investment Authority is worth $993 billion, Bloomberg reported in March, while the Saudi Public Investment Fund and the Kuwait Investment Authority are breathing down its neck.
Meanwhile, investment in transition-related stocks is on the decline, according to data reported by Reuters. The S&P Global Clean Energy Index is down by 10% since the start of the year. In comparison, the S&P 500 Energy Index, which comprises Big Oil names, has gained 16.3%.
The data shows that investors are growing wary of all the promises made by transition advocates as evidence mounts that these were not based on due diligence. Wind and solar stocks suffered a crash last year when this first became clear.
Now, we are witnessing a continued awakening among investors to the challenges and the realistic potential of transition technology and alternative energy sources.
“With conventional energy having its own bull run, I think the alternative funds will struggle for the foreseeable future, and we shall see what the election brings”,  the Managing Director of capital markets at Phoenix Capital Group Holdings told Reuters.
The comment summarizes the challenging situation for alternative energy investment and highlights the rebound of interest in oil and gas, much to the chagrin of decision-makers on both sides of the Atlantic.
In both Europe and the U.S., things can get even worse for the transition after the respective elections—in June for European Parliament and in November for U.S. President. It will certainly be an interesting year in energy.
Slav writes for oilprice.

By: Irina Slav

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CNG Initiative: FG Targets 25,000 Jobs, $2.5bn Investment 

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The Programme Director and Chief Executive, Presidential Compressed Natural Gas Initiatives, Michael Oluwagbemi, has announced the Federal Government’s plan to target over 25,000 jobs and $2.5 billion worth of investment by 2027.
Oluwagbemi made this known during the Presidential CNG stakeholders’ engagement workshop held at BOVAS Auto-Gas Filling Stations, Ajibode Bus-Stop, in Ibadan, Oyo State capital, at the weekend.
He stated that the initiative, which was part of palliative measures to ease the burden of the removal of fuel subsidy, would attract enormous investment and job creation as well as impact positively on the lives of Nigerians.
Meanwhile, he called on Nigerians to embrace the new initiatives by the Federal Government as part of palliatives to cushion the effect of the removal of fuel subsidy in the country.
“On October 1, 2023, when the President gave his speech, he announced that the Presidential CNG initiatives are going to be rolled out as part of palliatives on the removal of fuel subsidy.
“One of our major concerns is to make sure that the transition for the transportation sector is a cheaper, safer, and more reliable source of energy.
“In the coming weeks, we are going to be announcing the conversion incentives programme which will enable Nigerians currently using PMS and Diesel fuel vehicles to be able to convert their vehicles at designated places across the country at a discounted price based on certain pre-qualification under the palliative programme of the Federal Government”, he said.
On the value chain of the initiative, Oluwagbemi explained that the Federal Ministry of Finance is acquiring tricycles and buses that would be assembled and manufactured in Nigeria, with more than five automobile firms being activated.
“The value chain of the programme starts with every one of us. From the point of converting your vehicle, you have created the demand for natural gas.
“If your vehicle is converted by technicians and refuelled by autogas workshops across the country, then you are creating jobs for civil engineers and technicians. You’re creating jobs for the upstream in terms of upstream activities associated with oil and gas.
“And in line with the programme, the Federal Ministry of Finance is acquiring a number of tricycles and buses that will be assembled and manufactured in Nigeria. More than five of our automobile firms have been activated. So, you can see that in terms of job creation, the opportunities for Nigerians are enormous.
“The President has said we need to convert one million vehicles by 2027. We need 1,000 conversion shops and we need over 3,000 filing stations just like this. You can imagine the level of investment required for this.
“In order to sustain one million vehicle conversions by 2027, we need 25,000 technicians. So, the job creation potential is an opportunity for job creation in addition to our gross domestic product, $2.5 billion worth of investment to be mobilised in the next four years and of course more than $25 billion added to our GDP”, he said.
Oluwagbemi further called on Nigerians to embrace the new initiatives by the Federal Government as part of palliatives to cushion the effect of the removal of fuel subsidy in the country.
The representative of BOVAS Filling Station, a private investor in the Presidential CNG Initiatives, Temitope Samson, said, “We have worked with the regulators, we are also working with the Presidential Initiatives on CNG to make sure that standard safety is adhered to. We have also worked with the Standard Organisation of Nigeria to ensure that we have a standard accepted internationally.
“Our role is to ensure that there is availability of CNG across the nation, and to also ensure we have enough kits and tanks that are converted for people to use as many as possible, and to ensure safety and to train others so that anywhere they get to, they have very safe conversion”.
Recall that last year, President Bola Tinubu approved the Presidential Compressed Natural Gas initiative(PCNG-i)
This initiative aims to not only introduce more than 11,500 new CNG-enabled vehicles and provide 55,000 CNG conversion kits for existing vehicles that depend on Premium Motor Spirit but also promote local manufacturing, assembly, and job creation.

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