Editorial
New Song For Nigerian Workers?

Nigeria joined the rest of the world yesterday, May 1, 2022, to celebrate International Workers’ Day, also
known as Labour Day. As usual, the Federal Government has declared a public holiday today, May 2, 2022, to commemorate the yearly event. We commend workers for their contributions to nation-building. We equally call on all tiers of government to reciprocate this gesture.
This year’s Labour Day was just another day of lost hope, minimal existence, poverty, squalor and unbridled display of corrupt wealth by political leaders. Indeed, it would have been unreasonable for workers to commemorate the May Day with fanfare when the work itself is threatened with extinction. Every day, workers shrink in number, compelling more burdens of the jobless on the few lucky breadwinners.
Beyond the procession, speeches, and display of camaraderie which sections of organised labour might have embarked upon, there is an urgent need to explore fresh remedies to tackle perennial workers’ challenges. Directly, workers’ predicament in this country is the effect of the government’s ineptitude to the hallowed duty of governance. At all levels, leaders have failed to enact workers-oriented policies and programmes. They have stolen public funds meant to alleviate jobholders’ suffering.
For Nigerian employees, May Day is an occasion for labour leaders to draw the government’s attention to the plight of their members amidst rising inflation and soaring food prices. The Covid-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the earnings of over 70 per cent of the workers in the country. Many of them have lost their jobs because of the pandemic, while some have had their wages dramatically slashed.
Figures from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) as of the fourth quarter of 2020, stated that only 46.4 million Nigerians were in employment out of the 122.04 million economically active people aged between 15 and 64. Furthermore, only 30 million Nigerians were reported to be in full-time employment, while 15.9 million were under-employed. According to NBS selected banking sector data for the fourth quarter of 2020, the Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria sacked about 8,584 workers in 2020 following the impact of the Covid-19.
The World Bank says the unemployment rate in Nigeria rose five-fold in the last 10 years. From 6.4 per cent in 2010 to 33.3 per cent at the end of 2020, the Bank said the significant increase affected Nigerian youths in their quest to find gainful employment opportunities. In March, the NBS reported that Nigeria’s unemployment rate climbed to 33.3 per cent in the fourth quarter (Q4) 2020 from 27.1 recorded in the second quarter (Q2) 2020.
The NBS had moreover said 23.18 million persons in Nigeria either did nothing or worked for less than 20 hours a week, making them unemployed during the fourth quarter (Q4) 2020. The worsening insecurity across the country, especially the conflict between farmers and herders in the food belt of the country, has contributed to the increase in the prices of food items and other consumables.
With dwindling revenue and a poor tax base, it has become increasingly difficult for many states to pay the new minimum wage of N30,000. More than two years after the new wage took effect, no fewer than 11 states are yet to begin implementation, while three states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) are enforcing it partially. Therefore, we urge the affected states to drastically cut down the cost of governance, especially their security votes to enable them to fulfil this sacred obligation.
Workers across the 36 states also observed this year’s International Workers’ Day. Here in Rivers State, workers and labour unions commended the governor, Chief Nyesom Wike, for ensuring regular payment of salaries and monthly pensions. Recognising the significance of employees and pensioners, Wike not only effected the N30,000 minimum wage, but recently pay rolled 1,119 pensioners with effect from April and directed the disbursement of gratuities, death benefits and pension arrears also with effect from this month. As the fabric that makes up the society, workers should reciprocate the governor’s gesture by remaining productive and committed to duty.
It is time governments made the work environment conducive for workers by paying them a living wage, a salary that can take them home. Shamefully, university teachers, under the aegis of the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU), have been on strike for the better part of this year.
Thankfully and worthy of note is the fact that ASUU members in Rivers State government-owned universities are not on strike beacuse they are not affected by the issues responsible for the strike by thier national body. The work environment in Nigeria has witnessed more strikes in recent times than ever before. These industrial actions, which the government appears unwilling to redress, have degenerated into economic and social woes, the brunt of which Nigerian workers bear.
We must all lament the worsening national economy, which again has impacted adversely on workers and their dependents. Salaries are poor where they are paid at all. It is not uncommon for workplaces to owe workers up to six months’ salaries. Subsequently, living standards and morale are low, along with poor productivity. Industries blame their under capacity on the harsh business environment, featuring huge capital outlay, and low returns.
Constant power outages and gross inefficiency in providing public electricity have all but extinguished hope of recovery. In effect, industries that relocated to other countries with more satisfactory conditions have not contemplated returning. To further underscore the absence of political integrity in the handling of workers’ affairs, the Federal Government has not been able to resuscitate the textile industry, which traditionally was about the largest single source of employment.
Added to this lethargy is the government’s imposition of multiple taxes and levies on workers, including small and medium scale industries that otherwise could provide jobs. Some states are guiltier of this than others, but it shows insensitivity to workers’ plight. These taxes should be harmonised and made real to the prevailing economic recession. A regime desperate to tax citizens as a revenue-making venture, without alluding to the difficult times they are going through, is antithetical to job creation.
The workplace environment remains hazardous for most workers, who are cheated and violated at will. Nigerian workers are still subjected to dehumanising working conditions, including casualisation and pay that is less than a living wage. Workers can no longer rely on the government to steer them into safety and prosperity. Therefore, they should use this occasion to ponder on problems affecting them, find a lasting solution and restore hope in themselves.
Editorial
Benue Killings: Beyond Tinubu’s Visit

The recent massacre in Yelewata, Benue State, ranks among Nigeria’s deadliest attacks of
2025. While official figures put the death toll at 59, media reports and Amnesty International estimate between 100 and 200 fatalities. This atrocity extends a decade-long pattern of violence in Nigeria’s Middle Belt, where Beacon Security data records 1,043 deaths in Benue alone between May 2023 and May 2025.
President Tinubu’s visit on 18 June—four days after the 14 June attack—has drawn sharp criticism for its lateness. This delay echoes a history of inadequate responses, with Human Rights Watch documenting similar inaction in Plateau and Kaduna states since 2013, fuelling a culture of impunity. The attack lasted over two hours without meaningful security intervention, despite claims of swift action.
The violence bore hallmarks of genocide, with survivors recounting systematic house burnings and executions. More than 2.2 million people have been displaced in the region since 2019 due to comparable attacks. Data show Benue’s agricultural output falls by 0.21 per cent in crops and 0.31 per cent in livestock for every 1 per cent rise in violence.
Security forces continue to underperform. No arrests were made following the Easter attacks in April (56 killed) or May’s Gwer West massacre (42 killed). During his visit, Tinubu questioned publicly why no suspects had been detained four days after Yelewata, highlighting entrenched accountability failures.
The roots of the conflict are complex, with climate change pushing northern herders south and 77 per cent of Benue’s population reliant on agriculture. A Tiv community leader described the violence as “calculated land-grabbing” rather than mere clashes, with over 500 deaths recorded since 2019.
Government interventions have largely fallen short. The 2018 federal task force and 2025 Forest Guards initiative failed to curb violence. Tinubu’s newly announced committee of ex-governors and traditional rulers has been met with scepticism given the litany of past unkept promises.
The economic fallout is severe. Benue’s status as Nigeria’s “food basket” is crumbling as farms are destroyed and farmers displaced. This worsens the nation’s food crisis, with hunger surges in 2023-2024 directly linked to farming disruptions caused by insecurity.
Citizens demanding justice have been met with force; protesters faced police tear gas, and the State Assembly conceded total failure in safeguarding lives, admitting that the governor, deputy, and 32 lawmakers had all neglected their constitutional responsibilities.
The massacre has drawn international condemnation. Pope Leo XIV decried the “terrible massacre,” while the UN called for an investigation. The hashtag “200 Nigerians” trended worldwide on X, with many contrasting Nigeria’s slow response to India’s swift action following a plane crash with similar fatalities.
Nigeria’s centralised security system is clearly overwhelmed. A single police force is tasked with covering 36 states and 774 local government areas for a population exceeding 200 million. Between 2021 and 2023 alone, 29,828 killings and 15,404 kidnappings were recorded nationally. Proposals for state police, floated since January 2025, remain stalled.
Other populous nations offer alternative models. Canada’s provincial police, India’s state forces, and Indonesia’s municipal units demonstrate the effectiveness of decentralised policing. Nigeria’s centralised structure creates intelligence and response gaps, worsened by the distance—both physical and bureaucratic—from Abuja to affected communities.
The immediate aftermath is dire: 21 IDP camps in Benue are overwhelmed, and a humanitarian crisis is deepening. The State Assembly declared three days of mourning (18-20 June), but survivors lack sufficient medical aid. Tragically, many of those killed were already displaced by earlier violence.
A lasting solution requires a multi-pronged approach, including targeted security deployment, regulated grazing land, and full enforcement of Benue’s 2017 Anti-Open Grazing Law. The National Economic Council’s failure to prioritise state police in May 2025 represents a missed chance for reform.
Without decisive intervention, trends suggest conditions will worsen. More than 20,000 Nigerians have been killed and 13,000 kidnapped nationwide in 2025 alone. As Governor Hyacinth Alia stressed during Tinubu’s visit, state police may be the only viable path forward. All 36 states have submitted proposals supporting decentralisation—a crucial step towards breaking Nigeria’s vicious cycle of violence.
Editorial
Responding To Herders’ Threat In Rivers

Editorial
Democracy Day: So Far…

Nigeria’s return to democratic rule in 1999 marked a watershed moment in the nation’s political history. After enduring nearly 16 years of successive military dictatorships, Nigerians embraced a new era of civil governance with the inauguration of President Olusegun Obasanjo on May 29, 1999. Since then, the country has sustained a democratic system for 26 years. But, this democratic journey has been a complex mix of progress and persistent challenges.
The formal recognition of June 12 as Democracy Day in 2018 by former President Muhammadu Buhari acknowledged a long-standing injustice. The annulment of the 1993 presidential election, Nigeria’s freest, betrayed the democratic aspirations of millions. That it took decades to honour this date reflects the nation’s complex relationship with its democratic memory.
One of the most momentous successes of Nigeria’s democracy has been the uninterrupted civilian rule over the last two and a half decades. The country has witnessed seven general elections, with power transferring peacefully among different political parties. This is particularly notable considering that prior to 1999, no civilian government had completed a full term without military intervention. The peaceful transitions in 2007, 2015, and 2023 are testaments to Nigeria’s evolving democratic maturity.
Electoral participation, while uneven, has also reflected a level of democratic engagement. In 2003, voter turnout stood at about 69 per cent, but this figure dropped to approximately 34.75 per cent in 2023, according to the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC). Although the declining turnout raises concerns, it also highlights the increasing expectations of the electorate, who demand credible and transparent elections.
Another area of progress is the growth of a vibrant and free press. Nigerian media has played a crucial role in holding governments accountable and fostering public discourse. Investigative journalism and civil society activism have exposed corruption and human rights abuses. The rise of social media has further expanded the democratic space, enabling young Nigerians to mobilise and advocate for change, as evidenced by the 2020 #EndSARS protests.
Judicial independence has seen mixed results. On one hand, the judiciary has occasionally demonstrated resilience, such as in landmark rulings that overturned fraudulent elections or curtailed executive excesses. On the other hand, allegations of political interference and corruption within the judiciary persist, undermining public confidence in the legal system’s impartiality.
Nigeria’s democracy has also facilitated the decentralisation of power through the federal system. State governments now wield some autonomy, allowing for experimentation in governance and service delivery. While this has led to innovative policies in some states, it has also entrenched patronage networks and uneven development across the federation.
Despite these successes, Nigeria’s democratic journey faces formidable problems. Electoral integrity remains a critical concern. Reports from election observers, including those from the European Union and ECOWAS, frequently highlight issues such as vote-buying, ballot box snatching, and violence. The introduction of the Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS) and electronic transmission of results in 2023 elections showed promise, but technical glitches and alleged manipulations dampened public trust.
Corruption continues to be a pervasive issue. Nigeria ranks 145th out of 180 countries on Transparency International’s 2023 Corruption Perceptions Index, with a score of 25/100. Democratic institutions meant to check graft—such as anti-corruption agencies and the legislature—often struggle due to political interference and weak enforcement mechanisms.
Security challenges have also strained Nigeria’s democracy. Insurgency in the North East, banditry in the North West, separatist agitations in the South East, and herder-farmer conflicts across the Middle Belt have collectively resulted in thousands of deaths and displacements. According to the Global Terrorism Index 2024, Nigeria ranks as the eighth most impacted country by terrorism. The government’s difficulty in ensuring safety erodes public confidence in the state’s capacity and legitimacy.
The economy poses another critical remonstrance. Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita stands at approximately $2,400 as of 2024, with over 40 per cent of the population living below the national poverty line. High unemployment and inflation have fueled discontent and disillusionment with democratic governance, especially among youth. Without addressing economic grievances, the democratic dividend will remain elusive for many Nigerians.
Ethnic and religious divisions further complicate Nigeria’s democratic consolidation. Politicians often exploit identity politics for electoral gains, exacerbating social tensions. Although federal character principles aim to promote inclusiveness, they have also sometimes fostered a quota mentality rather than merit-based appointments.
Gender representation remains inadequate in Nigeria’s democratic institutions. Women occupy less than 10 per cent of seats in the National Assembly, one of the lowest rates globally. Efforts to pass gender parity bills have faced stiff resistance, highlighting deep-seated cultural and institutional barriers to female political participation.
Civil liberties, while constitutionally guaranteed, are under threat. Crackdowns on protesters, restrictions on press freedom, and surveillance of activists reveal an authoritarian streak within the democratic framework. The controversial Twitter ban in 2021 exemplified the country’s willingness to curb digital freedoms, prompting domestic and international criticism.
The political crisis in Rivers State embodies broader democratic struggles. Attempts to control the state through undemocratic means expose weaknesses in federal institutions and the rule of law. Immediate restoration of democratic governance in Rivers State is vital to preserving Nigeria’s democratic integrity and institutional credibility.
Local governments remain under the control of state governors, depriving citizens of grassroots democracy. Last year’s Supreme Court judgment on local government autonomy is promising, but state-level resistance threatens its implementation. Genuine autonomy would bring governance closer to the people and foster democratic innovation.
As we mark Democracy Day, we must honour the sacrifices of Chief M.K.O. Abiola, Kudirat Abiola, Femi Falana, Chief Gani Fawehinmi, Pa Alfred Rewane, President Bola Tinubu, and countless others, who fought for Nigeria’s freedom. As democracy in Nigeria continues to evolve after 26 years, this day should inspire action toward its renewal. With despotism and state failure as real threats, both citizens and leaders must take responsibility—citizens by demanding more, and leaders by delivering. Excuses are no longer acceptable.