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Ectopic pregnancy: Matters arising

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Finding out I was
pregnant with a baby when my last child, Olivia, was only 10 weeks’ old elicited plenty of laughs from everyone but me. I was completely overwhelmed and overtly emotional.
“In the morning of that fateful day, I noticed something unusual: I started to bleed while in the bathroom. I called our family doctor who questioned me about my condition.
“I later went to his clinic and the outcome of the investigation almost turned my life upside down.
“Through an ultrasound scan, it was discovered that I had an eight-week-old foetus growing in my fallopian tube and there was nothing we could do to change it,’’ Mrs Anne Chukwu, a housewife, says.
The woman’s plight is not an extraordinary case, as several women have undergone a similar fate of having ectopic pregnancy, while some hapless ones even died as a result of its rupture and bleeding.
Medical experts describe ectopic pregnancy as one of the high-risk pregnancies; saying that it is pregnancy outside the normal internal cavity or womb.
The fact that this odd kind of pregnancy could occur be in the abdomen, pelvic, ovary or fallopian tube makes it a high-risk pregnancy, they add.
The experts insist that ectopic pregnancy poses a danger to the health of both the mother and the baby.
Dr Nathaniel Adewole, a gynaecologist with the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, says that ectopic pregnancy is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality, adding that it affects 0.2 per cent of every five pregnancies.
“When it is ruptured, it could lead to anaemia, internal bleeding or even death,” he says.
Adewole says that one of the early symptoms of ectopic pregnancy is abdominal pain, which crops up due to the location of the pregnancy, adding that in some cases, the woman may not even know that she is already pregnant.
The gynaecologist says that when the pregnancy is located in the womb, the normal cavity, the womb can expand up to 1,000 times of its normal size to accommodate the growing foetus.
“But when the pregnancy is located in the fallopian tube, there will be a problem because the tube cannot expand,” he says.
Adewole says that if the fallopian tube is totally blocked due to some abnormalities, it will be unable to transport the fertilised egg to the womb and this could lead to ectopic pregnancy.
“It is common among women of childbearing age and it has contributed to the high rate of maternal death in the country.
“This is because in some cases, a woman might collapse and die because of this abnormal kind of pregnancy,’’ he adds.
However, Adewole says infections such as pelvic inflammatory disease are one of the predisposing factors to fallopian tube blockage.
“Treatment of ectopic pregnancy could be by operation if it is not ruptured; sometimes, it could melt by itself before the person even notices it,” he says.
Adewole, therefore, advises women to go to hospital for proper scanning and tests whenever they presume that they are pregnant or if they have abdominal pains, insisting that they should never resort to self-medication.
Sharing similar sentiments, Dr Kayode Obende, a gynaecologist at Garki Hospital, Abuja, says that poor management of infections, congenital problems and contraceptive medications are some of major factors that could cause ectopic pregnancy.
He explains that symptoms of ectopic pregnancy include abdominal pains, bleeding and dizziness, among others, depending on the stage of the pregnancy.
“It may be due to congenital problems, complications or infections like Pelvic Inflammatory Disease or abortion-induced infections that can destroy the fallopian tubes.
“Some drugs like ‘progesterone’, ‘Copper-T Intra-uterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD)’ can be dangerous; if a woman has ‘Copper-T IUCD’ in her system when she becomes pregnant, there is a higher possibility that the pregnancy could be ectopic.
“Copper-T IUCD is a method of preventing pregnancy; women put contraceptive inside the womb to prevent pregnancy.
“A woman with ectopic pregnancy may present with missing of menses (emenorrhea); some will present with pain, vaginal bleeding and many will become dizzy, have shock or even die,” he says.
Obende expatiates that the womb has muscles that could expand to accommodate a baby, “but for the fallopian tube, such expansion is not possible and so, the tube gets ruptured after seven weeks”.
He, however, insists that doctors ought to investigate the possibility of ectopic pregnancy whenever a woman of reproductive age complains about missing her period and having lower abdominal pains.
He adds that the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy should be based on a high index of suspicion.
He says that ultrasound scan and pregnancy tests could be used to ascertain the position of the pregnancy if the pregnant woman reports early to hospital.
“But when a test is carried out and there is no foetus found in the woman’s womb, you suspect ectopic pregnancy,’’ he says.
Obende stresses that the treatment for ectopic pregnancy could involve the removal of the affected portion of the fallopian tube and the growing foetus, so as to prevent bleeding and death.
“For others, you can use medical management, which involves injecting some drugs that will kill the foetus before it grows to the extent of causing any damage.
“But you can only do that if the woman reports at the hospital early before rupture occurs and for those who come in when there is rupture, we cannot use this kind of medical management.
“We, therefore, conduct surgical operation because if the fallopian tube bursts, the woman will start bleeding until she dies,” he says.
Obende, nonetheless, says that proper diagnosis and treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease could prevent infertility and ectopic pregnancy in future.
He also advises women to avoid contracting PID such as gonorrhoea and abortion-related infections, saying that such infections could damage the fallopian tube and thereby, cause ectopic pregnancy.
All in all, observers insist that even though pregnancy is a thing of joy, pragmatic efforts should be made to avoid factors that predispose a woman to have ectopic pregnancy, which is a source of sorrow.
Nwachukwu writes for News Agency of Nigeria (NAN)

 

Jacinta Nwachukwu

Rivers State chairman, National Association of Women Journalists (NAWOJ), Mrs Lilian Okonkwo (left), addressing newsmen during a road walk to commemorate International Women’s Day, in Port Harcourt, yesterday.

Rivers State chairman, National Association of Women Journalists (NAWOJ), Mrs Lilian Okonkwo (left), addressing newsmen during a road walk to commemorate International Women’s Day, in Port Harcourt, yesterday.

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Justice Prevails Over Osinachi’s Death

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Unfortunately, the widower of the late gospel singer, Mrs Osinachi Nwachukwu, has been sentenced to death by the Federal High Court in Abuja.
The husband of the deceased, Mr. Peter Nwachukwu, was sentenced to death by Justice Njideka Nwosu-Iheme.
The Federal High Court Judge, reports say, found Mr Peter Nwachukwu guilty of culpable homicide leading to the death of his wife, Osinachi, which occurred on April 8, 2022.
The ruling on the death of Mrs Osinachi Nwachukwu, deserves a big clap for the Nigerian Judiciary because of the high rate of domestic violence on women in the society.
This, I believe will serve as a deterrent to others now and in the future.
Lessons learned from her death are numerous, girls and women especially must be able to distinguish between oppression and submission. A woman has to be heard before she dies.
According to reports, Mr. Peter Nwachukwu has been sentenced to death by the Federal High Court in Abuja. How will the children feel? What about the Nwachukwu family?
Ordinary people like us may not be able to judge but the judiciary has finally done justice to late Osinachi’s case.
Time has come when families have to start checking out on their kinsmen concerning marital affairs. Families who give out their daughters and sisters in marriage need to do a follow-up from time to time, to ensure they are comfortable. This does not mean total control in anyway.
Everybody is born of a woman, who is someone’s sister, daughter, wife, daughter-in-law, niece, aunt and so on. Like the saying, “rain does not fall on one person’s roof”.
Women are weaker emotionally, so should be handled softly. No matter how large in size some women may appear, they are very frigile.
Late Osinachi Nwachukwu, was one of Nigeria’s gospel singers that her music was so inspirational. During crusades and religious programmes, the kind of crowds she gathered was something encouraging.
The “Ekwueme” song she featured in, is one of the most inspiring gospel music of our time. Till her death, I never knew she was a contributor to that beautiful music.
The impact of Osinachi’s “Ekwueme” song in the hearts of believers can never be over-emphasised.
Unfortunately, she has gone to be with her creator but will be remembered by all the good lyrics she contributed to produce.
About three years ago, the news of the late gospel singer became viral with so many persons expressing their views on what would have caused her death. So many stories were told but the issue of late Osinachi was that allegedly she sustained injuries from her husband as a result of domestic violence.
According to late Osinachi’s elder sister, who gave account of what happened to her sister, she died of blood clothing in the chest from her husband beating her chest. She said her late sister was exposed to inhuman treatments from her husband before her untimely death and denied her sister dying as a result of cancer. “She did not die of cancer”, she exposed.
Osinachi’s family sources explained that severally before her demise, they had told her to leave her marriage, having seen what she was passing through, but she never accepted the advice.
It was gathered that the family members had advised her to separate from the husband at least, since it was not divorce but she refused.
Osinachi as a believer and gospel singer might have felt that she could pray to overcome the challenges of marriage.
She would have also thought that if she left or separated from her matrimonial home, that would affect her ministry. She might have felt that God is against divorce.
As humans, there are certain things you can never easily agree with. But I think that when it comes to saving life, it is better to adhere to advice.
Of course, two good heads are better one. No one person knows it all. As a believer, she saw separation as a sin and not to save her life and take care of her children. She would tell them to relax while praying for her husband to have a change of attitude towards her.
Let us assume that the husband beat her on the chest, she refused to tell her family but good enough, she told a friend who lives in Ebonyi State that her husband hit her on the chest.
Unfortunately, they refused to tell the doctor that kind of thing occurred, so as to administer the right drugs immediately. She died leaving her children behind and her husband.
When domestic violence continues to occur in the home, what should the woman do as church people? The issue of “For Better, For Worse”, during holy matrimony by the pastors, our spiritual fathers should be looked into and we need to understand in better ways.
Different people have come up with various opinions about whether marriage should continue or ‘separate’ when domestic violence is on the peak.
Some support while others disagree. Should a woman remain in a marriage when danger is looming? We are not unaware that men too suffer domestic violence, but they do not have much challenge since they may claim to own the home. Sometimes they live outside their homes.
The only regret in calling for separation or divorce is about the well-being of the children. But for marriages that have not been blessed, we need more explanation.
It is becoming more worrisome because when marriages break, the children are at more risk as parents will not live together. I think the best way is to nurture and train kids together. The negative effects of separated homes are so much.
A lot of women have left their matrimonial homes to give peace a chance. Is it the best option? The “worse” during solemnisation cannot be relied upon to encourage enduring matrimonial violence or any other manner of one- sided wickedness. It only refers to shared burden.
It should not be interpreted to accommodate one party in a marriage practising wickedness to the other. Marriage was created as a mutual support and comforting institution and not for anti-social behaviour.
One of late Osinachi’s sons according to reports, revealed that his father told them(his children) that beating women was good and in one of the occasions, they witnessed how he pushed their mother out of her car. They also alleged that their father seized their late mother’s two cars.
It is good to be careful while taking certain actions in the presence of children in homes. Whether it is true or false, the children are watching and must have something to say when time comes.
One of the gospel singers of our time, Osinachi, is late with rumours of her husband contributing to the cause of her death. But the husband denied being responsible for the death of his wife.
He said all the allegations levelled against him were false and claimed that his late wife was sick from year 2021 before she died in 2022.
What can anybody do? Osinachi is not alive to narrate what happened. If only a lesson can be learnt where women especially, will be able to speak out when involved in any form of domestic violence, it will be better.
She would have lived to take care of her kids if she had spoken out on time. She might have been sick of other ailments but because of the revelation coming out of her children, relatives and friends, anyone can just conclude that she died as a result of maltreatment from domestic violence.
Domestic violence affects women the more. When it continues to occur, what should the woman do, separation or divorce?

Osinachi was a native of Isuochi in Abia State and married to Peter from Nnewi in Anambra State.

Eunice Choko-Kayode

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Women

The Christian Teaching Mother (II)

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A Christian teaching mother is one who imparts knowledge to her children and others by adhering strictly to the Christian doctrines and practices .
A real and devoted teaching mother should not ask her children and wards to keep malice.
Mothers should know that the way the teaching mother dresses speaks volumes about her while the children are watching. Teach them to dress decently either in your presence or absence.
It is important to teach the children how to respect constituted authorities, especially teachers in schools, at every educational level. Teaching them how to greet and respect elders in their neighbourhood and society at large. Obedience to parents and other elders can help children attain long life.
According to the Scriptures, “obey your parents so that your days may be long on earth”.
Furthermore, a mother should teach the children how to work hard academically instead of sending money to them to buy results and pay mercenariees in examinations.
A situation where parents go to fight teachers on disciplinary actions against their children should be discouraged.
A good teaching mother should teach what she practises as well as keeping the rules because they are watching. It is dangerous to tell lies before the children and of course, they may point such it out immediately. The mother must lead exemplary lifestyle.
The primary role of mothers is to nurture the children to adolescence because some of them cannot differentiate their left from their right.
Devotion of more time to children is very important no matter how tight the mother’s schedule may be. The mother must work hard to make ends meet since only the man cannot bear the responsibilities of keeping the home but the girl-child needs more attention. The children, especially the females need to be guided so as to avoid unwanted pregnancy, they need to be the mother’s friend.
The boys are not left out of the sight of the mothers so that they do not involve in social vices. The mother ought to monitor the boy-child so that he does not impregnate an underaged girl.
Furthermore, women are solution providers because sometimes, men may be soft with the children. Women should utilise the attributes and skills given to them by God.
Regular teaching without ceasing in the homes, church, school and in the public. The mother can spare the rod and spoil the child. Teaching does not only come from the mother, it is a combined effort with the man who is the head of the home. Even when the mother is the breadwinner, she cannot teach alone.
Regrettably, there are challenges hindering women from teaching good morals.
Moreso, busy schedules and absence of the father can hinder women from effective teaching. Mothers may not be teaching everything they are supposed to teach.
Late teaching when the children’s bad behaviour would have got out of hand is very dangerous, so, women must start early so as to catch them young.
A good teaching mother should not feel that the children should bear their father’s name and so if they turn out to be miscreants in future, their father should be held responsible.
King Solomon actually admonished his son thus, “My son, keep thy father’s commandment and forsake not the law of thy mother”.
Truly women need support when they teach. According to the Scriptures, train up a child in the way of God, so that when he or she grows up, he will not depart from it.
It should be noted that one of the tools for teaching is prayer. Daily devotional and constant fellowship with them where you teach the word of God are vital. Living by example by listening to music and differentiating between earthly music and gospel vibes will go a long way in effective teaching.
It is worrisome to note that peer pressure is one of the challenges affecting effective teaching in both schools and homes nowadays. The society is now having negative impact on the adolescents via social media, celebrities and entertainers just to mention but a few. But is better the children choose the right ways of life and eschew bad attitudes.
Good teaching mothers should not make comparison among the children because that may lead to withdrawal syndrome.

By: Eunice Choko-Kayode

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Women Can Go Without Artificial Beauty

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Looking good is some women’s business. Looking beautiful for some persons is more important than food. Some prefer to appear trendy instead of attending to household pressure.
Beauty they say is in the eye of the beholder. Every woman by creature is beautiful but some persons feel that the way they were created is not enough. They feel that perhaps the creator should have added more features to their physic.
Artificial beauty did not start today, it has been there as far as man exists. From time to time, there has been one form of additional make-up or the other that women especially, must add to their natural look.
When you look at some of our elders, especially women, you notice certain drills or symbols (tattoo) on their skins, mostly on their hands and legs, in form of designs with dark prints. That is a form of artificial beauty. These days, some young ones still use such to beautify themselves.
It is not only women that are involved in artificial beauty, some young men also have likeness for it. It is common nowadays to see younger male folks spend money to pierce their ears to wear earrings. They also style their hairs in various forms to appear like women so as to look more handsome. This no doubt costs them more money than being in their natural look.
Every generation grows with it’s own new systems, items, styles of artificial beauty. Before now, African women generally and Nigeria in particular had their hair in natural form.
As civilisation and westernisation continued, Nigerian women started copying, for instance, perming of their hair to look like the White women. They started using western-produced chemicals (relaxers) to make their hairs look sleepy and smoother.
Nigerian women used to plate their hair with black thread or go with their hair well cut at low level. In terms of weaving, it was without attachment. The issue of women weaving hair with attachment came with civilisation. That is also a form of make-up.
The quest for extra beauty aside the way women were created has been from one generation to another.
Two or three decades ago, ladies used mascaras to darken and thicken their eyelashes. But in this 21st century, another system has evolved. Fixing of artificial eyelashes has become the order of the day.
In that case, it becomes difficult for them to scratch their eyes Incase of any itches. Some of their eyes turn reddish because of the touch.
There was a lady who was fixing her eyelashes in a salon, unfortunately, she got a phone call that her mother was late, as she started crying, it was difficult for her to clean the tears that were flowing down her cheeks.
The reason was for fear of the eye lashes falling off while cleaning the tears off her eyes.
One funny thing about fixing of artificial eyelashes is that some persons cannot close their eyes properly. The beauty they have in mind before fixing is not really achieved as their look become something anybody cannot behold. Both the shape of their eyes and facial outlook automatically change. One begins to wonder if that is the beauty they are looking for. Instead of looking beautiful, the reverse becomes the case.
As years go by, artificial beauty becomes more sophisticated in the society. The price and cost for looking more beautiful than women were created naturally becomes higher than their natural look.
The cosmetic industry becomes one of the most viable industries worldwide because some women desire artificial beauty. Some engage in cosmetic surgery to alter any part of their body which does not give them pleasure especially the fatty parts. Some go for surgery to make their slacked breasts to return to their original shapes as well as those with big tummies.
It is interesting to note that currently, Nigerian ladies have started to give preference to their natural hair and this is attracting a lot of admiration for them. Many prefer that natural look with low cuts. With that, the cost of maintaining the hair by ladies is reduced.
I think this is commendable as it will save the women from the negative effect of chemical used in manufacturing hair relaxers.
It is also common to see ladies on low cut hairs that are either light complexion, red and other funny colours.
People have been addicted to artificial beauty to the extent that they insert certain substances into their bodies to make them become more robust and attractive to their admirers.
I don’t understand why we should be crazy about adding more to our natural look. Every woman wants to look attractive in a packaged manner without recognising the implications of artificial beauty and make-up.
In fact, women’s quest for beauty has taken different dimension as they tend to appear trendy at home, in offices and as they go about their businesses. That is just to feel belonged and achieve self-esteem.
I recall a few years back, my pastor who trained as an Engineer advised women against the use of lipstick. He said that one of the chemical components of lipstick is lead and that it is dangerous to humans. Many women may not understand the reality of what he said until it manifests.
I think those who are naturally beautiful should not go for artificial make-ups. They should be satisfied with the work of their creator. Women should not continue to paint their faces to look like masquerades and should not lose value due to artificial beauty.
It may interest you to know that persons who apply make-ups excessively are mocked instead of being admired. Make-ups can be applied lightly.
Fixing of nails is another business. After fixing nails, some women find it difficult to perform house cores. Washing their personal belongings becomes a problem. The artificial nails become so long and sophisticated to the extent that the bearer cannot handle objects properly. Those in that habit also find it difficult to eat food with the fingers.
There are people who feel they should have been born in certain colour but when the reverse is the case, they seek artificial make-up. Use of skin-toning cream and soap becomes the option for artificial beauty. This happens to the extent that the users start having dark spots on the skin. Blisters occur on their faces and legs.
Unfortunately, this is an era when there are different kinds of cancer affecting women especially. It becomes difficult to identify the kind of make-up that can be cancerous.
It is high time people had stopped following trend to the detriment of their health.
Ladies should not present themselves as laughing stock with unnecessary make-up as they can still be cherished in their natural outlook.

Eunice Choko – Kayode

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